ssian-Danish Students Conference in Copenhagen. November – December 2018
Editor Bjørnø Irina
Editor Irina Degtiareva
Editor Mikhail Kozitsin
Editor Alina Oboysheva
ISBN 978-5-4496-4828-0
Created with Ridero smart publishing system
Introduction
At the present stage, Russian-Danish interaction is characterized by a wide range of areas of cooperation, including high-level contacts, trade, economic and humanitarian ties.
Despite the fact that the relations between Russia and Denmark were not good-neighborly in all historical periods, at present both sides are making all possible efforts to establish strong relations, developing joint projects in various fields.
This collection of articles is based on the results of student scientific conferences held under the auspices of the Russian Cultural Mission in Denmark and the Russian Center for Science and Culture.
The first part of the collection is called “Social, political and economic trends in modern Europe on the example of Denmark”. The issues covered in this section are devoted to the consequences of migration and the aspects of socio-religious character related to this, current socio-economic trends in the development of the Danish society, as well as issues of self-determination of such parts of Denmark as the Faroe Islands and Greenland. The focus of this section is on a general analysis of the main spheres of society in Denmark with a view to a deeper understanding of the causes of success and/or failures of the Scandinavian model of government.
The second part of the collection is titled “Theory and practice of implementing political, economic, and social projects as an opportunity for solving problems in a society: Denmark, from an individual consumption society to a society of social justice and responsibility”. Within this part, the specific reasons for the success of the state model of Denmark, as well as some of its shortcomings, are considered in more detail. The students analyzed exactly how Denmark managed to move on to a model of the structure of society, in which such concepts as social responsibility and justice set the tone for the functioning of the entire state. As it turned out, the success of the Danish state system lies in almost pedantic attention to everything: from the formation of environmental literacy and the search for the most effective ways of recycling household waste to cultivating a negative attitude of society to such a phenomenon as corruption and social indifference. However, even in such a progressive society there are own drawbacks.
As was mentioned above, it is equally important for Russia and Denmark to strive to develop joint projects in the political, social and economic sphere in order to solve common problems in their societies in both the short and long term. If the model of the public-state system of Denmark has already managed to show itself as successful, Russia in this regard should pay more attention to the positive experience of its Western colleagues.
The students of the Institute of World Civilizations, who took part in a series of these conferences, gained invaluable experience not only in the analysis and writing of articles of a scientific nature, but also expanded their professional and personal horizons, immersing themselves in the culture, history and traditions of Denmark.
Part I: Social, political and economic trends in modern Europe using the example of Denmark
Copenhagen, Russian Center for Science and Culture
Opening of the conference, prof. Markarjan A.A., director of RCSC, Copenhagen
Experts comission: L. Hardonk, O. Olesen, A. Müller, moderator assoc. prof. Irina Bjørnø
Danish welfare model in a pan-European crisis
Mary Rotar, 3rd year student of the faculty of International relations and geopolitic, Institute of World Civilizations, Moscow
Abstract: This article gives the analysis of the Scandinavian model of the general welfare with a detailed review of the “Danish miracle” that shows that it is possible to govern a state with minimal interference in the state’s economy and to provide social security sector. The peculiarity of the Scandinavian model lies in its exclusiveness, because for a long time all Scandinavian countries stood apart from wars and revolutions and were least affected by their destructive impact. These countries also make the main contribution to the welfare of the state and its inhabitants, and it allows them to succeed in all spheres of human life.
Keywords: Denmark, economic crisis, policy, Europe, eurozone.
Introduction
The first stage of the global crisis, that began in 2008, is a crisis in the global economy. It made itself felt in the United States of America, when the downturn in the US economy pulled the European continent down with it. Despite the fact that a long period of time has passed, the crisis has not been completely overcome. It fully declared itself not only in the United States but also in Western Europe and practically destroyed the entire European economic system. The crisis was also fraught with the increase in the euro exchange rate in the CIS countries, with all the consequences that come with it.
However not all the countries of the European Union can improve the economic conditions. A striking example is: Spain, Greece, Germany, and other countries that depend on the European economic system. The economic crisis in the eurozone and the United States of America is the longest in the entire history of their existence. The main consequences of the economic catastrophe in the world are the impoverishing of the middle class on a global scale, complications in the situation of the unemployment in the whole world, external debts and refugees.
Different analysts explain the crisis in different ways, although they all converge on several main reasons. The Russian economist Kondratyev said: “The economy has its cyclical wave drops and rises.”
The basis of the crisis failures includes:
– imbalance of international trade and capital movements;
– poor financial regulation;
– lack of adjustment of the “shadow” banking system;
– overheating of the credit market;
– mortgage crisis – the result of credit expansion and other various options for a disastrous recession.
But not all the European countries had those economic problems. Some of them were like a good example of a perfect economic system.
Scandinavian model of universal welfare, transformation in the conditions of crisis
The idea of equality is not new at all. It goes back to the period of antiquity and is known from the time of Plato in his work “The State”. Plato in his works relied on total justice, thanks to which he extolled his state as an ideal one. His work influenced the time. As far back as in the fourth century AD, Greek society was familiar with the ideas of socialism, which Plato also reflected in his works.
The Middle Ages epoch reveals the concept of social equality in the form of communism among utopian philosophers, including Thomas More. In his idea, he creates a mysterious island – it is a utopia, where there is no private property at all, there is no personal property to hold on to, but there is only society and work, where every citizen must work together and enjoy. Families should share property with their neighbors in order to promote social equality in society, but this idea did not receive strong support.
The