The Roman Republic. Michael Crawford

      MICHAEL CRAWFORD

      THE ROMAN REPUBLIC

       SECOND EDITION

       Copyright

      HarperPress An Imprint of HarperCollinsPublishers 1 London Bridge Street, London W6 8JB

      First published by Fontana 1978

      Copyright © Michael Crawford 1978, 1992

      Michael Crawford asserts the moral right to be identified as the author of this work

      All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. By payment of the required fees, you have been granted the non-exclusive, non-transferable right to access and read the text of this e-book on screen. No part of this text may be reproduced, transmitted, downloaded, decompiled, reverse engineered, or stored in or introduced into any information storage and retrieval system, in any form or by any means, whether electronic or mechanical, now known or hereinafter invented, without the express written permission of HarperCollins e-books.

      HarperCollinsPublishers has made every reasonable effort to ensure that any picture content and written content in this ebook has been included or removed in accordance with the contractual and technological constraints in operation at the time of publication.

      Sourice ISBN: 9780006862505

      Ebook Edition © APRIL 2015 ISBN 9780007385263 Version: 2015-04-08

      Contents

       Cover

       Title Page

Copyright

Preface

Historical Introduction

I The Sources

II Italy and Rome

III The Roman Governing Classes

IV The Conquest of Italy

V From Italian Power to Mediterranean Power

VI The Conquest of the East

       VII The Consequences of Empire – The Governing Classes

       VIII The Imperial Power

       IX The Consequences of Empire–The Governed

       X Reform and Revolution

       XI Rome and Italy

       XII The End of Consensus

       XIII The World Turned Upside Down

       XIV The Embattled Oligarchy

       XV The Military Dynasts

       Epilogue

       Appendices

       1 The Roman Assemblies

       2 The Roman Army

       3 Equites

       4 The Special Commands

       Maps

       1 Central Italy

       2 Italy

       3 The Eastern Mediterranean

       4 The Western Mediterranean

       Date Chart

       Further Reading

       Indices

       1 Sources

       2 Persons

       3 Places

       4 General Index and Glossary

       About the Author

       Fontana History of the Ancient World

       About the Publisher

Preface

      I HAVE TRIED, within prescribed limits, both to present a balanced picture of the Roman Republic and to write an interpretative essay. I have also tried to do justice to the immense diversity of the source material for the period, sometimes by citation rather than quotation. (In this context, I should explain that my translations of the written sources are often explanatory paraphrases rather than strict translations.) The plates and figures also offer visual evidence of an importance equal to that of the written material.

      The maps show the location of the most important places mentioned in the text; for the others an atlas must be used.

      Dates are BC, except for a few which are indicated as AD and a few which are quite obviously so. The date chart should compensate for the fact that the arrangement