Body of Victim, Body of Warrior. Cabeiri deBergh Robinson

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      Body of Victim, Body of Warrior

      SOUTH ASIA ACROSS THE DISCIPLINES

      Edited by Dipesh Chakrabarty, Sheldon Pollock, and Sanjay Subrahmanyam

      South Asia Across the Disciplines is a series devoted to publishing first books across a wide range of South Asian studies, including art, history, philology or textual studies, philosophy, religion, and interpretive social sciences. Contributors all share the goal of opening up new archives, especially in South Asian languages, and suggesting new methods and approaches, while demonstrating that South Asian scholarship can be at once deep in expertise and broad in appeal.

      Funded by a grant from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation and jointly published by the University of California Press, the University of Chicago Press, and Columbia University Press. Read more about the series at http://www.saacrossdisciplines.org.

      Extreme Poetry: The South Asian Movement of Simultaneous Narration, by Yigal Bronner (Columbia University Press, 2010)

      The Social Space of Language: Vernacular Culture in British Colonial Punjab, by Farina Mir (University of California Press, 2010)

      Unifying Hinduism: The Philosophy of Vijnanabhiksu in Indian Intellectual History, by Andrew J. Nicholson (Columbia University Press, 2010)

      Secularizing Islamists?: Jama‘at-e-Islami and Jama ‘at-ud-Da‘wa in Urban Pakistan, by Humeira Iqtidar (University of Chicago Press, 2011)

      Islam Translated: Literature, Conversion, and the Arabic Cosmopolis of South and Southeast Asia, by Ronit Ricci (University of Chicago Press, 2011)

      Conjugations: Marriage and Form in New Bollywood Cinema, by Sangita Gopal (University of Chicago Press, 2011)

      The Powerful Ephemeral: Everyday Healing in an Ambiguously Islamic Place, by Carla Bellamy (University of California Press, 2011)

      Body of Victim, Body of Warrior: Refugee Families and the Making of Kashmiri Jihadists, by Cabeiri deBergh Robinson (University of California Press, 2013)

      Body of Victim, Body of Warrior

      REFUGEE FAMILIES AND THE MAKING OF KASHMIRI JIHADISTS

      Cabeiri deBergh Robinson

      UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS

      BERKELEY LOS ANGELES LONDON

      University of California Press, one of the most distinguished university presses in the United States, enriches lives around the world by advancing scholarship in the humanities, social sciences, and natural sciences. Its activities are supported by the UC Press Foundation and by philanthropic contributions from individuals and institutions. For more information, visit www.ucpress.edu.

      University of California Press

      Berkeley and Los Angeles, California

      University of California Press, Ltd.

      London, England

      © 2013 by The Regents of the University of California

      Cataloging-in-Publication Data is on file with the Library of Congress

      ISBN 978-0-520-27420-4—ISBN 978-0-520-27421-1

      eISBN 9780520954540

      Manufactured in the United States of America

      22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13

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      In keeping with a commitment to support environmentally responsible and sustainable printing practices, UC Press has printed this book on Rolland Enviro100, a 100% post-consumer fiber paper that is FSC certified, deinked, processed chlorine-free, and manufactured with renewable biogas energy. It is acid-free and EcoLogo certified.

      CONTENTS

      List of Illustrations

      List of Abbreviations

      Note on Names, Transliteration, and Photographs

      Preface: The Kashmir Dispute and the Conflicts Within Conflict Ethnography

      Acknowledgments

      Introduction: The Social Production of Jihād

      PART ONE

      BETWEEN HIJARAT AND JIHĀD IN AZAD KASHMIR

      1 • Between War and Refuge in Jammu and Kashmir: Displacement, Borders, and the Boundaries of Political Belonging

      2 • Protective Migration and Armed Struggle: Political Violence and the Limits of Victimization in Islam

      PART TWO

      THE HISTORICAL EMERGENCE OF KASHMIRI REFUGEES AS POLITICAL SUBJECTS

      3 • Forging Political Identities, 1947–1988: The South Asian Refugee Regime and Refugee Resettlement Villages

      4 • Transforming Political Identities, 1989–2001: Refugee Camps in Azad Jammu and Kashmir and the International Refugee Regime

      PART THREE

      BODY OF VICTIM, BODY OF WARRIOR

      5 • Human Rights and Jihād: Victimization and the Sovereignty of the Body

      6 • The Mujāhid as Family-Man: Sex, Death, and the Warrior’s (Im)pure Body

      Conclusion: From Muhājir to Mujāhid to Jihādī in the Global Order of Things

      Postscript: And, “Humanitarian Jihād”

      Notes

      Glossary

      Bibliography

      Index

      LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

      MAPS

1.		The Former Princely State of Jammu and Kashmir (2012).
2.		The Azad State of Jammu and Kashmir (2001).
3.		The Princely State of Jammu and Kashmir (1946).
4.		The Divided Territories of Jammu and Kashmir (after 1950).
5.		Refugee Camps in Azad Jammu and Kashmir (1990–2005).

      FIGURES

1.		Document facsimile of a Hereditary State Subject Certificate (issued by the Princely State of Jammu and Kashmir in 1929).
2.		Document facsimile of a Proprietary Rights Transfer Order (issued by the Azad Jammu and Kashmir Custodian of Evacuee Property in 1989).
3.		Document facsimile of a Jammu and Kashmir State Resident Certificate (issued by the Azad Jammu and Kashmir Council in 1996).
4.		Protesters marching (Islamabad, 2000).
5.		Mujāhidīn leading protest march (Islamabad, 2000).
6.		Cover flap of a political card (circulated in Pakistan, 1999).
7.		Inside flap of a political card (circulated in Pakistan, 1999).
8.		Training camp recruitment poster (northern Pakistan, 2000).
9.		Collection box for charitable donations to the Kashmir Jihad (northern Pakistan, 2001).
10.		Collection tent for sacrificial hides (northern Pakistan, 2000).

      LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS