Sample Preparation and Collection 7.2.1 Protocols for Collecting and Preparing Samples 7.2.1.1 Water 7.2.1.2 Air and Dust 7.2.1.3 Soil, Sediments, and Sludge 7.2.1.4 Biota 7.2.2 Sample Extraction and Clean-Up 7.2.2.1 Water 7.2.2.2 Air and Dust 7.2.2.3 Soil, Sediments, and Sludge 7.2.2.4 Biota 7.3 Determination of High Production Volume Chemicals 7.3.1 Development of the Instrumental Method 7.3.2 Figures of Merit 7.3.3 Hints and Tips 7.4 Future Directions and Challenges Acknowledgments References
13 8 Musk Fragrances 8.1 Overview of Musk Fragrances 8.1.1 Properties 8.1.2 Legislation 8.1.3 Reported or Potential Metabolites and/or Transformation Products 8.1.4 Occurrence in the Environment 8.1.4.1 Occurrence in Wastewater and Sewage Sludge 8.1.4.2 Occurrence in Surface Water, Soils, Sediments and Air 8.1.4.3 Occurrence in Biota 8.2 Sample Preparation and Collection 8.2.1 Protocols for Collecting and Preparing Samples 8.2.1.1 Air Samples 8.2.1.2 Water Samples 8.2.1.3 Sludge, Soil and Sediment Samples 8.2.1.4 Biota 8.2.2 Sample Extraction and Clean-up 8.2.2.1 Air Samples 8.2.2.2 Water Samples 8.2.2.3 Sludge, Soil and Sediment Samples 8.2.2.4 Biota 8.3 Determination of Musk Fragrances 8.3.1 Chromatography 8.3.2 Detection 8.4 Future Directions and Challenges References
14 9 Disinfection Byproducts in Water 9.1 Overview of Main DBP Classes 9.1.1 Properties 9.1.2 Legislation 9.1.3 Potential Metabolites and/or Transformation Products 9.1.4 Occurrence in the Environment 9.2 Sample Preparation and Collection 9.2.1 Protocols for Collecting and Preparing Samples 9.2.2 Sample Extraction and Clean-up 9.3 Determination of DBPs 9.3.1 Development of the Instrumental Method 9.3.1.1 Chromatography 9.3.1.2 Detection 9.3.2 Figures of Merit 9.3.2.1 Linearity 9.3.2.2 Precision and Accuracy 9.3.2.3 Sensitivity 9.3.3 Hints and Tips 9.4 Future Directions and Challenges Acknowledgements References
15 10 Microplastics 10.1 Overview of Micro- and Nanoplastics 10.1.1 Properties 10.1.2 Legislation 10.1.3 Origin and Distribution 10.1.4 Occurrence in the Environment 10.1.4.1 Water Systems 10.1.4.2 Sediments 10.1.4.3 Biota 10.2 Sample Preparation and Collection 10.2.1 Protocols for Collecting and Preparing Samples 10.2.1.1 Water 10.2.1.2 Sediment 10.2.1.3 Biota 10.2.2 Sample Extraction and Clean-up 10.2.2.1 Separation 10.2.2.2 Matrix Removal by Digestion 10.3 Determination of MNPLs 10.3.1 Physical Characterization 10.3.2 Chemical Characterization 10.4