Nick Bellantoni

The Long Journeys Home


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      The Long Journeys Home

       A Driftless Connecticut Series Book

      This book is a 2018 selection in the Driftless Connecticut Series, for an outstanding book in any field on a Connecticut topic or written by a Connecticut author.

      NICK BELLANTONI

      The Long Journeys Home

      The Repatriations of Henry ‘Ōpūkaha‘ia and Albert Afraid of Hawk

      WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY PRESS Middletown, Connecticut

      Wesleyan University Press

      Middletown CT 06459

       www.wesleyan.edu/wespress

      © 2018 Nicholas F. Bellantoni

      All rights reserved

      Manufactured in the United States of America

      The Driftless Connecticut Series is funded by the

      Beatrice Fox Auerbach Foundation Fund

      at the Hartford Foundation for Public Giving.

      Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

      Names: Bellantoni, Nicholas F., author.

      Title: The Long Journeys Home : The Repatriations of Henry Opukahaia and Albert Afraid of Hawk / by Nick Bellantoni.

      Description: Middletown, CT : Wesleyan University Press, 2018. | Series: Garnet books | Includes bibliographical references and index. | Description based on print version record and CIP data provided by publisher; resource not viewed.

      Identifiers: LCCN 2017048410 (print) | LCCN 2018010232 (ebook) | ISBN 9780819576859 (ebook) | ISBN 9780819576842 (cloth : alk. paper)

      Subjects: LCSH: Obookiah, Henry, 1792-1818—Death and burial. | Afraid-of-Hawk, Albert, 1879-1900—Death and burial. | Human remains (Archaeology)—Repatriation—United States—Case studies. | Cultural property—Repatriation—United States—Case studies.

      Classification: LCC CC79.5.H85 (ebook) | LCC CC79.5.H85 B45 2018 (print) | DDC 930.1—dc23

      LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017048410

      5 4 3 2 1

      Cover illustrations:

      Top: Frontispiece Portrait of Henry Obookiah, engraving, Daggett, Hinman & Co., from Memoirs of Henry Obookiah, A Native of Owyhee and a Member of the Foreign Mission School (New York: American Tract Society, n.d., [1832]).

      Bottom: Albert Afraid of Hawk, Ogallala Sioux taken in Omaha 1899, Heyn and Matzen, photographers. (Courtesy of Denver Public Library, X-31510.) Background: Historical maps from the David Rumsey Map Collection.

       To four extraordinary womenwho have inspired me and this book

       Deborah Li‘ikapeka Lee,7th generation cousin descendant of Henry ‘Opūkaha‘ia

       Marlis Afraid of Hawk,grandniece of Albert Afraid of Hawk

       my mother, Carmella

       and

       my wife, Angela

      Contents

       List of Illustrations viii

       List of Maps ix

       Acknowledgments xi

       PROLOGUE xv

       PART I. The Repatriation of Henry ‘Ōpūkaha‘ia

       1 “Oh, how I want to see Owhyhee” 3

       2 “I have neither a father nor a mother…but, He” 32

       3 After ‘Ōpūkaha‘ia 67

       4 “He wants to come home” 91

       PART II. The Repatriation of Albert Afraid of Hawk

       5 The Buffalo Nation 107

       6 “His spirit has been lifted” 143

       7 After Afraid of Hawk 187

       8 “Home is where he belongs” 214

       EPILOGUE 223

       Notes 229

       References Cited 267

       Index 281

      Illustrations

       Portrait of Henry Obookiah. 4

       ‘Ōpūkaha‘ia’s Cornwall Cemetery burial monument. 19

       “Obookiah” engraving on title page, Memoirs of Henry Obookiah. 48

       Wooden coffin lid of Henry Obookiah. 54

       Foreign Mission School, ca. 1873. 60

       Tomb of Henry Obookiah, Cornwall Center Cemetery, CT. 63

       Frontispiece Portrait of Obookiah, 1818. 89

       Frontispiece Portrait of Henry Obookiah, 1832. 89

       Deborah Li‘ikapeka Lee speaks at the Farewell Service for Henry Obookiah. 93

       Final Resting Place of Henry ‘Ōpūkaha‘ia. 102

       Albert Afraid of Hawk, three-quarter length portrait, 1899. 109

       Author consulting with Marlis and Daniel Jay Afraid of Hawk. 129

       Sham Battle, American Indian Congress, 1899. 146

       Albert Afraid of Hawk, Sept. 18, 1899. 148

       Albert Afraid of Hawk, Ogallala Sioux,