H. Wellens, W. Godenne rue de Roumanie Editions, 1933.
109Ruhrberg, Schneckenburger, Fricke, Honnef, Art of the Twentieth Century, Taschen 2000, p.142.
110Ibid, de Ridder, p.6.
111Ibid, de Ridder, p.7.
112Ibid, de Ridder, p.8.
113NMIEG 2003.546.
114de Ridder, André, Zadkine, Brussels, Palais des Beaux Arts, H. Wellens, W. Godenne rue de Roumanie Editions, January 1933. In the catalogue, written in French, Gray’s head is No.61 titled ‘Head-stone incrusted marble’ dated 1926, belonging to Mlle Gray, Paris.
115NMIEG 2003.528, drawing of an abstract sculpture.
116NMIEG 2003.535, sculptural head, 1920s.
117NMIEG 2003.534, sculptural head, 1920s.
118NMIEG 2000.116, sculptural head, 1940s.
119Rare Book & Manuscript Library, Columbia University in the City of New York, Stephen Haweis Papers, Arranged Miscellaneous Memoirs, Box 2, letter from Eileen Gray to Stephen Haweis, 14 February 1963.
120Rare Book & Manuscript Library, Columbia University in the City of New York, Stephen Haweis Papers, Arranged Miscellaneous Memoirs, Box 2, letter from Eileen Gray to Stephen Haweis, 30March 1962.
121Rare Book & Manuscript Library, Columbia University in the City of New York, Stephen Haweis Papers, Arranged Miscellaneous Memoirs, Box 2, letter from Eileen Gray to Stephen Haweis, 16 May 1968.
122NMIEG 2003.365, letter from Eileen Gray to Prunella Clough, 2 January 1971. Rare Book & Manuscript Library, Columbia University in the City of New York, Stephen Haweis Papers, Arranged Miscellaneous Memoirs, Box 2, letter from Eileen Gray to Stephen Haweis, February 1968.
123NMIEG 2003.334, letter from Eileen Gray to Prunella Clough, Wednesday, date and year unknown.
124Rare Book & Manuscript Library, Columbia University in the City of New York, Stephen Haweis Papers, Arranged Miscellaneous Memoirs, Box 2, letter from Eileen Gray to Stephen Haweis, 8 March (year unknown possibly 1964).
125Rare Book & Manuscript Library, Columbia University in the City of New York, Stephen Haweis Papers, Arranged Miscellaneous Memoirs, Box 2, letter from Eileen Gray to Stephen Haweis, 16 May 1968.
126Rare Book & Manuscript Library, Columbia University in the City of New York, Stephen Haweis Papers, Arranged Miscellaneous Memoirs, Box 2, letter from Eileen Gray to Stephen Haweis, Easter Monday, year unknown.
127NMIEG 2000.189, postcard from Eileen Gray to Prunella Clough.
128NMIEG: 2003.332, letter from Eileen Gray to Prunella Clough, date and year unknown.
129NMIEG 2003.337, letter from Eileen Gray to Prunella Clough, 1960. Bernard Buffett (1928-1999) was a French expressionist and member of the Anti-Abstract Group L’homme Témoin (the Witness Man). Gray also mentions Annabel Schwob (1928-2005) – Dubuffet’s wife, who was an actress, in this letter.
130Stella, Frank, Hyena Stomp, 1962, Alkyd paint on canvas, 77x77cm, London, Tate Gallery.
131NMIEG 2003.311, letter from Eileen Gray to Prunella Clough, 9 January, year unknown.
132Rare Book & Manuscript Library, Columbia University in the City of New York, Stephen Haweis Papers, Arranged Miscellaneous Memoirs, Box 2, letter from Eileen Gray to Stephen Haweis, 12 October, year unknown, possibly 1966.
133Rare Book & Manuscript Library, Columbia University in the City of New York, Stephen Haweis Papers, Arranged Miscellaneous Memoirs, Box 2, letter from Eileen Gray to Stephen Haweis, 27 November 1961.
134Rare Book & Manuscript Library, Columbia University in the City of New York, Stephen Haweis Papers, Arranged Miscellaneous Memoirs, Box 2, letter from Eileen Gray to Stephen Haweis, 27 November 1961.
135NMIEG 2003.340, letter from Eileen Gray to Prunella Clough, Monday, late 1960s.
136Ibid, Adam, p.138.
137Rare Book & Manuscript Library, Columbia University in the City of New York, Stephen Haweis Papers, Arranged Miscellaneous Memoirs, Box 2, letter from Eileen Gray to Stephen Haweis, 30 March 1962, letter from Eileen Gray to Stephen Haweis, page two part of a letter April 1962 – possibly page two of letter 30 March 1962.
138Rare Book & Manuscript Library, Columbia University in the City of New York, Stephen Haweis Papers, Arranged Miscellaneous Memoirs, Box 2, letter from Eileen Gray to Stephen Haweis, 27 November 1961.
4
The Realm of Lacquer
In 1854, after more than 200 years of isolation, Japan reopened its ports to western trade and in so doing provided a fresh source of artistic inspiration to the West. Japanese furniture which came into the European market was praised for its simplicity, purity of form and strong feeling for nature. In a reaction against ornate historical eighteenth-century furniture styles, British designers tried to capture the spirit of the East with its use of lacquered wood finish and an emphasis on structural design. Functional elements such as hinges and key plates became decorative. In England tastes were also being defined by Liberty department store, which became a major outlet for artistic items when it was opened by Arthur Lazenby Liberty (1843-1917) in Regent Street in May 1875. His talent for acquiring tasteful objet d’art from Japan and the East was noted by the furniture designer E.W. Godwin (1833-1886) with Godwin describing the excitement of Liberty’s