travelled, have had few threats from wildlife; but then I’m careful to avoid such circumstances … most of the time. I’ve had more grief from smaller animals such as cabin mice who think nothing of nibbling at your knuckle joint or earlobe as you sleep. I’ve had snowshoe hare pounce on top of my sleeping bag and pummel me with their legs while I slept out on the rocks by the lake edge, and female ruffed grouse smack into my head on a trail when I got too close to her young. These are not exactly death fearing encounters but are the norm for most trips in the wild. I have to say that the more I learned about the nature of wild animals, the fewer confrontations I had and the greater the number of positive experiences that keep things in the right perspective.
The fool is never alone in the wilderness.
TEN
INEPTITUDE
Only two things are infinite, the universe and human stupidity, and I’m not sure about the former.
— Albert Einstein (1879–1955)
Years ago I was privy to an experience that changed the way I looked at human intellect under certain extreme conditions. There was a grass fire raging near some country homes located just off the southern rim of the Oak Ridges Moraine, and it had yet to be contained by the firefighters. We were watching nervously from my friends’ house as the fire swept up close to a neighbour’s yard where a team of firefighters tried to hold the front line but were having difficulty. A woman suddenly ran from the house clutching her baby to her chest, screaming hysterically, and headed directly toward the oncoming inferno. Only metres from the encroaching flames, she had to be tackled by one of the firefighters and pulled to safety.
My thoughts on how people deal with panic situations has been manifested through years of wilderness travel and related research. Canadian history books are resonant with stories of human stupidity, particularly when speaking of wilderness travel and survival. The first Europeans to set foot on Canadian soil were shamefully negligent at surviving, and too stubborn to seek the wisdom of the aboriginal inhabitants. Centuries later, reports of deaths in remote places still surface, often, and their causes born from stupidity and ignorance.
Not long ago, four young paddlers finish a paddling trip down the Albany River in northern Ontario. Not a difficult or technical river, the Albany terminates at the Cree village of Fort Albany on the coast of James Bay. From there, canoeists normally fly the short distance south to Moosonee where they can then take the polar bear express train back to their point of departure. It’s not that expensive a flight. Instead, the paddlers decide to sail the two hundred kilometres down the coast in order to save money on flight costs. Believing that if they tied their two canoes together they would create a more seaworthy craft, it wouldn’t be a problem. Safety wouldn’t be an issue. Fort Albany locals tried to dissuade them, even offering to boat them down to Moosonee in a motor launch. It was a stretch of coastline that was incessantly hammered by north winds with little shelter along the way. Deaths and disappearances were common enough along the James Bay coast. They set off from the village headed for Moosonee even though the weather was turning to the worse. Two boys and two girls, all in their early twenties, never showed up in Moosonee, and their bodies were never discovered. Life jackets and other remnants of this mishap were discovered scattered along the beaches some time later. What it must have been like for these young paddlers, as their craft faltered and broke apart in heavy seas, and the ice-cold water, must have been horrific.
Self-assuming decisions, like this one made by inexperienced paddlers, cost them their lives and forever affected the lives of their families. In the outdoors, in the wilderness, crass and thick-headed decisions are often made with a particular zeal reserved only for vainglorious attempts to defy Nature. It’s far easier to make a stupid decision than to think things out, to strategize, or to weigh the consequences; but the question arises, most assuredly, why in the wilderness is it so easy to construct your own death? Assumptions prevail, but it may rest on the fact that we often transport our city-evolved complacency with us when we walk the backwoods trail. Racing down the freeway at 120 kilometres per hour, weaving in and out of traffic in a tiny bubble of metal, cellphone or coffee cup in the free hand, is something we all do mindlessly and without fear. We worry more about getting caught speeding than the circumstance of a possible crash. We are inviolable. Armed with the same mindset, adventurers will descend upon the wilderness with a protracted cognizance of their own safety. I’ve often heard debutant whitewater paddlers exclaim to me, “how hard can it be!” and with absolutely no training, push off down a rapid with frightening faith — a dogma that almost always terminates in disaster, sooner or later. This particular adherence to passive self-destruction is rampant. Today, along the wilderness path there are no stupid decisions … all actions are commandeered under the auspices of “adventure spirit,” primed and manifested by television shows that epitomize life in the wilderness through extreme survival programming. This form of entertainment does nothing to prepare us for the realities of trail life, true adventure or, most importantly, the necessary smarts to stay alive. The actors engaged in bringing us this form of perverted amusement well know that they will be rescued (getting voted off without usurping the money prize is the worst that could happen). Most television survival-themed shows rely on creating stunts that are simply theatrical acts of stupidity. And because of our insatiable hunger for this type of entertainment pleasure, it is the very reason why we take this form of evolved survival mentality with us to the woods. We forget to think. In the wilderness the only safety rope is the one you knot or cinch yourself, and there is no lunch wagon parked behind the film set.
Then there is the stigma attached to those who may be incompetent, or novice, or inexperienced and won’t admit that they just don’t have the skills. And this is problematic for the guide, the instructor, the leader, or for general group dynamics. Particularly for outdoor travel in the wilderness, techniques have changed, and the quality of outdoor gear has improved. Post-Boomers who spent one or more memorable summers at a canoe camp when they were kids, now want to descend on that same wilderness loaded down with kids, a catatonic wife, and forty extra pounds around the midriff. What seemed to be an uncomplicated family adventure often turns out to be a disaster. The twenty or so years that have lapsed between youthful camp days and the present weren’t likely spent on the trail honing outdoor skills. When Dad tries to recreate the good old days and suddenly realizes he doesn’t quite know what to do to facilitate the basic needs of his family, the adventure quickly turns sour. And it doesn’t take much to create dissent amongst the ranks.
The axiom that implies that all food cooked in the great outdoors tastes better is a gross misnomer. It’s easy to kill bannock bread fried over a fire that’s too hot, and the beans and rice you had as a kid camper just doesn’t appease the appetites of picky kids, and instant coffee isn’t the same as the roastery blend mom buys at the market. If dad doesn’t cook at home, and suddenly becomes the bon vivant of the backwoods, then trouble is brewing in the stewpot. Then there’s the thing with the tent that leaks because it’s sitting in a depression that fills with rain … and the bugs!
Family camping is wonderful, and kids are malleable when it comes to adapting to new environments, so long as all their basic needs are met. Knowing what gear to take along and packing for rainy days builds a strong foundation for success, but I’ve seen too many Type-A achiever dads bull ahead into the unknown, family in tow, trying to recreate something that appeared to be simple during their camp days.
Good camping and wilderness travel skills take time to perfect, at least to the point that transcends raw survival tactics employed by the unpracticed. There are so many tricks to this trade that make life so much easier and enjoyable; the secret is in the planning and prevention. In the survival mode, all basic elements that are required to sustain life could be compromised, one by one, and very quickly depending on the situation. This may happen when a canoe capsizes and gear is lost, or soaked through because it wasn’t waterproofed and secured. It could be raining, windy, cool or worse, and everything is sodden — even the spare change of clothes and you can’t get a