3.7
A crowded train in Bangladesh
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4.1
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Starvation in Somalia
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4.2
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The bloated belly is a sign of malnutrition, a major cause of stunting and death in children worldwide
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4.3
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Obesity is an increasing health and nutrition challenge globally, particularly in some wealthier countries like the United States
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4.4
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Tropical rainforests are being cut down to clear land to raise beef cattle for the US fast‐food market – the so‐called “hamburger connection”
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4.5
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Street vendors sell food to many urban dwellers
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4.6
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Women fishing in the Zambezi river
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5.1
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In some areas, human‐powered vehicles are more common than oil‐fueled vehicles
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5.2
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Solar thermal power plant, California
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5.3
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Solar energy provides power for a water pump in Morocco
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5.4
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Wind turbines in Altamont Pass, California
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5.5
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Geothermal power plant, California
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5.6
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Shortage of wood is a part of the energy crisis, since many urban dwellers in developing nations rely on wood as their major source of fuel
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7.1
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Deforestation in Mexico
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8.1
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Vehicles, such as this truck/bus, provide a lot of air pollution in the cities of countries with weaker air pollution laws
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8.2
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Water pollution in the United States is partly caused by large amountsof pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizers, which run off from fields during storms
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9.1
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Without modern technology to help, necessary tasks can be difficult. A woman in Nepal breaks up clumps of soil to prepare the land for planting
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9.2
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Underground nuclear weapons testing in the United States
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List of Figures, Maps, and Tables
Figures
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2.1
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Global extreme poverty rate, 1980–2000
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2.2
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Poverty trend (by International Standards: $1.90 USD): China
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2.3
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Poverty trend (by International Standards: $1.90 USD): India
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2.4
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Percent of the global population living in poverty on less than $1.90 USD a day: International Poverty Line ($1.90)
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2.5
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Number of extremely poor individuals by region
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2.6
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People living on less than International Poverty Line ($1.90 USD): Sub‐Saharan Africa
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2.7
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People living on less than International Poverty Line ($1.90 USD): South Asia
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2.8
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World trade: merchandise exports, 1950–2015
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3.1
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Population growth and projection from 8000 BCE to 2100 CE
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3.2
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Population by region: estimates, 1950–2015, and medium variant projection, 2015–2100
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3.3
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World population projections to 2100: three scenarios
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3.4
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Percentage of the population by age for urban and rural areas of countries in three groups, 2015
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3.5
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Global urban population growth by city size
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3.6
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Percentage of urban by income group, 1950–2050
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3.7
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Average annual rate of change of the percentage of urban residents by major area, 1950–2050
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3.8
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Most populous countries by millions
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3.9
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The classic stages of demographic transitions
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3.10
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Demographic transition in Sweden and Mexico
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3.11
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Life expectancy at birth (years) by region: estimates 1975–2015 and projections
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