Glimpses of Britain. Учебное пособие. Алексей Минченков

is a magnificent palace near Stamford, Lincolnshire, called Burghley House. The House was completed in the reign of Elizabeth and became the centre of a dynasty. [36; 37] William Cecil’s elder son Thomas was created Earl of Exeter in 1605 and the 10th Earl became the 1st Marquess in 1801. The descendants of the 1st Earl have occupied Burghley House ever since the 17th century. William Cecil’s second son, Robert, was created Earl of Salisbury and his descendants were also elevated to the title of a marquess. This branch of the family owns Hatfield House near London. [48]

      In 1559 Elizabeth’s first Parliament passed the Act of Supremacy, which abolished papal allegiance and recognized the queen as Supreme Governor of the Church of England. She wanted to return to the moderate and largely Catholic Prayer Book of 1549, but was forced to allow the restoration of the more radical version of 1552, although some of the more extreme attitudes were eliminated. Eventually this Prayer Book proved to be a golden mean, a chameleon that meant different things to different people. Parliament also passed the Act of Uniformity and in 1562 Cranmer’s 42 Articles of Faith were modified to 39 and adopted by the clergy. In 1571 these Articles were imposed by Parliament as the doctrine of the Anglican Church. With certain revisions, they have remained the basic doctrines of faith of the Established Church of England till the present day.