Prospective 14.9 Conclusion Acknowledgements References
20 15 Current Perspective of Sustainable Utilization of Agro Waste and Biotransformation of Energy in Mushroom 15.1 Introduction 15.2 Sustainable utilization of Agro waste Through Mushroom Cultivation Technology 15.3 Lignocellulosic Biomass 15.4 Spent Mushroom Substrate (SMS) 15.5 Biotransformation of the Spent Mushroom Substrate (SMS) Into Energy 15.6 Challenges 15.7 Conclusion References
21 Index
List of Tables
1 Chapter 2Table 2.1 Categorization of advanced biofuel industry based on production pro...
2 Chapter 3Table 3.1 Various technologies employed in the development of renewable resou...
3 Chapter 4Table 4.1 India Carbon (CO2) Emissions 1960–2020.Table 4.2 Top most polluted cities of the world (2019).Table 4.3 Chronology of the environmental pacts.Table 4.4 CSR spending towards different sectors for the year 2014 to 2019.
4 Chapter 5Table 5.1 Largest energy consumers.Table 5.2 Commercial energy consumption and projection.Table 5.3 World population consumption – cooking fuels.
5 Chapter 6Table 6.1 Energy Programmes and initiatives undertaken by the energy sector.Table 6.2 ‘PAC –II Investments’(€ billion).Table 6.3 Funding organizations at the national level.
6 Chapter 7Table 7.1 Advantages and disadvantages of various renewable energy resources.
7 Chapter 8Table 8.1 A comparative account of the different renewable resources of energ...
8 Chapter 9Table 9.1 Intended nationally determined goals of India.
9 Chapter 13Table 13.1 Selected sources of microbial Lipases.Table 13.2 Different classes of microorganisms, representative members and th...
10 Chapter 14Table 14.1 Research contribution related to development of MFCs.Table 14.2 Bioelectricity production in MFCs.
11 Chapter 15Table 15.1 Spent mushroom substrate (SMS) for energy generation.
List of Illustrations
1 Chapter 1Figure 1.1 World’s primary energy consumption in 2017.Figure 1.2 The earth is heating up. Monthly divergence from average temperat...Figure 1.3 Instrumental temperature data 1880–2014.
2 Chapter 2Figure 2.1 Worldwide electricity generation (GWh) between 2010 and 2018 usin...Figure 2.2 Classification of common technologies and system set‐up for conce...Figure 2.3 Comparison of geothermal power capacity (MW) by different countri...Figure 2.4 Outline of an EGS power plant.Figure 2.5 Hydrogen production methods using renewable energy sources.Figure 2.6 Worldwide, LCOE from the alternative energy sources for the perio...Figure 2.7 Global investment in renewable energy.
3 Chapter 3Scheme 3.1 Different alternative sources of energy.Scheme 3.2 Schematic representation of photovoltaic cell.Scheme 3.3 Schematic representation of different types of photovoltaic cells...Figure 3.1 Schematic representation of dye‐sensitized solar cells. Source: M...Figure 3.2 Schematic representation of fuel cell and its working.
4 Chapter 4Figure 4.1 Mindmap for various environmental issues.Figure 4.2 Carbon footprints.
5 Chapter 5Figure 5.1 Change in the share of primary energy in 1965 and 2017.Figure 5.2 Projections and the ratio of energy consumption to GDP for some n...Figure 5.3 Energy consumption, industrial and developing region fuel mix....Figure 5.4 Comparison of supply mix in developing countries and the United S...
6 Chapter 6Chart 6.1 Regime for funding agencyFigure 6.A.1 CO2 Emissions in billion tonnes in Brazil, World Bank.Figure 6.A.2 CO2 Emissions (metric tons per capita): A comparison of BRICS....Figure 6.A.3 Research and development expenditure (% of GDP): A comparison o...Figure 6.A.4 Trends in CO2 emissions in Brazil and India.Figure 6.A.5 Expenditure on Research and Development as a percentage of GDP ...Figure 6.A.6 Renewable Energy Consumption as a percentage of total final ene...
7 Chapter 7Figure 7.1 Overview of renewable energy resources.Figure 7.2 Major revolution in the wind energy output in relation to turbine...Figure 7.3 Development of wind energy and its potential impacts.Figure 7.4 Benefits of renewable energy production at global level (Abbrevia...
8 Chapter 8Figure 8.1 Diagrammatic representation showing different types of renewable ...Figure 8.2 The graph shows the production of electricity using different typ...Figure 8.3 The graph shows the production of energy in 2018 by top 10 countr...Figure 8.4 A typical fuel cell.
9 Chapter 9Figure 9.1 The renewable power potential in India source wise (as of March 2...
10 Chapter 10Figure 10.A.1 Number of patents in Brazil.Figure 10.A.2 Patents filed under various energy uses.Figure 10.A.3 Patents in various renewable energy sources in Brazil.
11 Chapter 11Figure 11.1 Molecular structure of luciferins found in the various biolumine...Figure 11.2 Two‐step enzyme‐dependent fungal bioluminescence mechanisms prop...Figure 11.3 Mechanism of bioluminescence imaging. Transfer of promoter and L...
12 Chapter 12Figure 12.1 Strategies for the conversion of biomass to liquid biofuel.Figure 12.2 Route for the synthesis of jet (aviation) fuel from biomass.Figure 12.3 Conversion of lignin to hydrocarbon fuel.
13 Chapter 13Figure 13.1 Global consumption of total final energy (EnerOutlook 2020).Figure 13.2 Different stages of treatment of LCBs (Aditiya et al. 2016).Figure 13.3 Classification of enzymes based on their mode of action in ligni...
14 Chapter 14Figure 14.1 Dual‐chamber microbial fuel cell (Du et al. 2007).Figure 14.2 Electron transfer mechanism of fungi (direct and indirect) when ...Figure 14.3 Application of microbial fuel cells.
15 Chapter