href="#ulink_e169e274-d283-5689-b97b-2d743a39368f">Figure 6.12 Linear EUS: pancreas tail. PD, pancreatic duct; SV, splenic vein...Figure 6.13 Linear EUS: ampulla.Figure 6.14 Linear EUS: head of pancreas. CBD, common bile duct; PD, pancrea...
7 Chapter 7Figure 7.1 Image of the liver scanned by radial ultrasound.Figure 7.2 Celiac artery imaging by linear ultrasound.Figure 7.3 Image of liver by linear ultrasound.Figure 7.4 Image of spleen by radial ultrasound.Figure 7.5 Image of spleen by linear ultrasound.Figure 7.6 Image of left kidney by radial ultrasound.Figure 7.7 Image of left kidney by linear ultrasound.Figure 7.8 Image of left adrenal gland by radial ultrasound.Figure 7.9 Image of left adrenal gland by linear ultrasound.
8 Chapter 8Figure 8.1 (a) Levator ani muscle with the puborectal part (PR) in between m...Figure 8.2 Internal anal sphincter (echo‐poor) and external anal sphincter (...
9 Chapter 9Figure 9.1 Distal esophageal adenocarcinoma shown to be T1a on pathology. (a...Figure 9.2 T1b adenocarcinoma in a background of Barrett’s esophagus at the ...Figure 9.3 (a) T1b adenocarcinoma at the gastroesophageal junction with cent...Figure 9.4 (a) T2N1Mx lesion, squamous cell cancer with ulceration 24 cm fro...Figure 9.5 (a) T2N0Mx lesion, adenocarcinoma of lower thoracic esophagus inv...Figure 9.6 T3N3Mx lesion, adenocarcinoma involving the lower thoracic esopha...Figure 9.7 (a) T3N1Mx adenocarcinoma with friable mass at the gastroesophage...Figure 9.8 T4a lesion, adenocarcinoma in lower thoracic esophagus invading t...Figure 9.9 T4b lesion, squamous cell cancer in upper thoracic esophagus inva...
10 Chapter 10Figure 10.1 The muscularis propria is divided into two layers, the outer lon...Figure 10.2 Normal esophageal wall layer pattern. Normal thickness of muscul...Figure 10.3 Thickening of the circular muscle wall layer to 3 mm in a patien...Figure 10.4 Thickening of the circular muscle wall layer to an average of 2....Figure 10.5 Thickening of the circular muscle wall layer to an average of 3....Figure 10.6 Thickening of the circular muscle wall layer to an average of 3....Figure 10.7 Uniform thickening of the circular muscle wall layer to an avera...
11 Chapter 11Figure 11.1 American Thoracic Society staging diagram for posterior mediasti...Figure 11.2 Metastatic posterior mediastinal melanoma. Endoscopic ultrasound...Figure 11.3 Renal cell cancer metastasis. The lesion was identified slightly...Figure 11.4 Lung cancer mass. Endoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine needle aspir...Figure 11.5 Malignant lymph node. The needle is within the rounded, well‐dem...
12 Chapter 12Figure 12.1 Benign subcarinal lymph nodes. Note the oval and triangular‐shap...Figure 12.2 Sarcoid lymph nodes. Note the matted together, draping nodes wit...Figure 12.3 Cryptococcal lymph node. These were incidental lymph nodes found...Figure 12.4 Duplication cyst. Note the anechoic appearance with acoustic enh...Figure 12.5 Enlarged lymph node due to Blastocystis hominis infection.
13 Chapter 13Figure 13.1 T1 gastric cancer. This is a 2.2 × 0.5 cm thick tumor confined t...Figure 13.2 T2 gastric cancer. This large 4.2 × 3.6 cm exophytic tumor invad...Figure 13.3 T3 gastric cancer. This 2.5 × 1.6 cm tumor invades through all l...Figure 13.4 T4 gastric cancer. This invasive poorly differentiated cancer in...Figure 13.5 Diffuse gastric cancer. The stomach is thickened to 0.8 cm (norm...Figure 13.6 Pseudo‐linitis plastica. A patient with breast cancer has metast...Figure 13.7 Gastric lymphoma causing a linitis plastica appearance. This pat...Figure 13.8 Gastric lymphoma. The five‐layer wall pattern is obliterated and...Figure 13.9 Perigastric lymphadenopathy in a patient with primary gastric ly...Figure 13.10 Ascites. A large pocket of hypoechoic material is seen next to ...Figure 13.11 Endoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine needle aspiration (EUS‐FNA) o...
14 Chapter 14Figure 14.1 Lipoma. (a) Endoscopic view of lipoma with smooth overlying muco...Figure 14.2 Carcinoid tumor. (a) Endoscopic view of a carcinoid tumor. (b) E...Figure 14.3 Granular cell tumor. (a) Endoscopic view of esophageal granular ...Figure 14.4 Esophageal duplication cysts. (a) Endoscopic view of several eso...Figure 14.5 Pancreatic rest. (a) Endoscopic view of a gastric antral pancrea...Figure 14.6 Esophageal varices. (a) Endoscopic view of grade 3 esophageal va...Figure 14.7 Gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). (a) Endoscopic vi...Figure 14.8 Leiomyoma. (a) Endoscopic view of an esophageal leiomyoma. (b) E...Figure 14.9 Glomus tumor. (a) Endoscopic view of a gastric antral glomus tum...Figure 14.10 Gastritis cystica profunda (GCP). (a) Endoscopic view showing G...Figure 14.11 Extrinsic compression. (a) Endoscopic and EUS view of extrinsic...
15 Chapter 15Figure 15.1 (a) A T1 rectal adenocarcinoma (by radial EUS) arising in a vill...Figure 15.2 (a) A rectal adenocarcinoma that appears to be T2 (penetration i...Figure 15.3 Radial EUS of a T3 lesion showing the primary rectal tumor penet...Figure 15.4 Radial EUS of the patient in Figure 15.3 showing a 7‐mm round, p...Figure 15.5 EUS‐guided fine needle aspiration of a perirectal lymph node. Th...Figure 15.6 Recurrent rectal cancer. During surveillance colonoscopy in a pa...Figure 15.7 (a) A subepithelial bulge in the rectum from a large intramural ...Figure 15.8 Rectal carcinoid. (a) A rectal bulge was noted during routine co...
16 Chapter 16Figure 16.1 Schematic diagram of the anal canal. EAS, external anal sphincte...Figure 16.2 Normal anal sphincter complex. The internal anal sphincter (IAS)...Figure 16.3 Normal anal sphincter complex. The internal anal sphincter (IAS)...Figure 16.4 Forty percent defect in both the internal hypoechoic anal sphinc...Figure 16.5 Forty percent defect in external anal sphincter (EAS), likely du...Figure 16.6 Thirty percent defect in both the internal anal sphincter (IAS) ...Figure 16.7 Transperineal three‐dimensional ultrasound images showing the an...Figure 16.8 Transverse (cross‐sectional) 1‐mm multislice imaging of the norm...Figure 16.9 Perianal fistula. Note that the anechoic tubular structure is ou...Figure 16.10 Perianal fistula with small perianal abscess measuring 11 × 7 m...Figure 16.11 Perianal abscess and fistula.Figure 16.12 Post‐hydrogen peroxide injection image of the perianal fistula ...Figure 16.13 Perianal fistula. A hyperechoic path is visible, starting on th...Figure 16.14 The path of a complex perianal fistula is identified by inserti...Figure 16.15 Perirectal abscess. A 36‐year‐old woman with history of Crohn’s...Figure 16.16 Anastomotic abscess. A patient with history of sigmoidectomy fo...
17 Chapter 17Figure 17.1 (a, b) Classification of intestinal endometriosis according to R...Figure 17.2 Endometriosis sites with alteration of the colonic wall of the r...Figure 17.3 (a, b) Endoscopic view of the area of sigmoid substenosis. (c) P...Figure 17.4 Radial scanning with two foci in different locations: (a, b) rec...Figure 17.5 (a) Bulging of the upper rectum wall. (b–d) Radial exploration o...Figure 17.6 (a, b) Radial exploration of sites of hypoechoic, homogeneous, s...Figure 17.7 (a, b) Radial exploration of a heterogeneous hypoechoic focus wi...Figure 17.8 (a, b) Endoscopic view of the upper rectum showing bulging of th...Figure 17.9 (a, b) Extrinsic sigmoid compression of a left ovary endometriom...Figure 17.10 (a) Colonoscopy showing a subepithelial lesion as sigmoid bulgi...Figure 17.11 (a) Bulging of the rectosigmoid junction. (b, c) Sectoral explo...Figure 17.12 Endometrial gland and endometrial stroma and superficial coloni...Figure 17.13 Radial scanning EUS of two foci of endometriosis located in two...Figure 17.14 Glandular cells aspirated from endometrial lining.
18 Chapter 18Figure 18.1 A radial array endoscopic ultrasound image of a calcific aortic ...Figure 18.2 A linear array image of the aortopulmonary window with an isoech...Figure 18.3 A linear array image showing the aortic root with clot due to an...Figure 18.4 Radial array Doppler image of a clot in the splenic vein.Figure 18.5 A linear array image of a metastasis (T) from breast cancer to t...Figure 18.6 A linear array image of a rhabdomyosarcoma infiltrating