(accessed 09/07/20).
5. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex%3A32012L0019 (accessed 09/047/20).
6. Westbrook, C.K., Inhibition of Laminar Methane-Air and Methanol-Air Flames by Hydrogen Bromide. Combust. Sci. Technol., 23, 191–202, 1980.
7. Westbrook, C.K., Numerical Modeling of Flame Inhibition by CF3Br. Combust. Sci. Technol., 34, 201–225, 1983.
8. Pitts, W.M., Nyden, M.R., Gann, R.G., Mallard, W.G., Tsang, W., Construction of an Exploratory List of Chemicals to Initiate the Search for Halon Alternatives, in: NIST Technical Note 1279, US National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaitherburg, MD, USA, August 1990.
9. Weil, E.D., Levchik, S.V., Flame Retardants for Plastics and Textiles: Practical Applications, Hanser Publishers, Cincinnati, OH, 2009.
10. Neviaser, J.L., Gann, R.G., Evaluation of Toxic Potency Values for Smoke from Products and Materials. Fire Tech., 40, 177–199, 2004.
11. Butler, K.M., Mullholland, G.W., Generation and Transport of Smoke Components. Fire Tech., 40, 149–176, 2004
12. Gann, R.G., Estimating Data for Incapacitation of People by Fire Smoke. Fire Tech., 40, 201–207, 2004.
13. Gann, R.G., Babrauskas, V., Peacock, R.D., Hall, J.R., Fire Conditions for Smoke Toxicity Measurement. Fire Mater., 18, 193–199, 1994.
14. DiNenno, P.J., Drysdale, D., Beyler, C.L., Walton, W.D., Custer, R.L.P., Hall, J.R., Watts, J.M. (Eds.), SFPE Handbook of Fire Protection Engineering, 4th Edition, National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA, 2008.
15. Aurell, J., Gullet, B.K., Emission Factors from Aerial and Ground Measurements of Field and Laboratory Forest Burns in the Southeastern U.S.: PM2.5, Black and Brown Carbon, VOC, and PCDD/PCDF. Environ. Sci. Technol., 2013, https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/es402101k.
16. https://www.epa.gov/saferchoice/partnership-evaluate-flame-retardants-printed-circuit-boards-publications (accessed 09/08/20).
17. Blais, M. and Carpenter, K., Flexible Polyurethane Foams: A Comparative Measurement of Toxic Vapors and Other Toxic Emissions in Controlled Combustion Environments of Foams With and Without Fire Retardants. Fire Technol., 51, 3–18, 2015.
18. Blomqvist, P., McNamee, M.S., Stec, A.A., Glyestam, D., Karlsson, D., Detailed study of distribution patterns of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and isocyanates under different fire conditions. Fire Mater., 38, 125–144, 2014.
19. Reisen, F., Bhujel, M., Leonard, J., Particle and volatile organic emissions from the combustion of a range of building and furnishing materials using a cone calorimeter. Fire Saf. J., 69, 76–88, 2014.
20. Hewitt, F., Christou, A., Dickens, K., Walker, R., Stec, A.A., Release of volatile and semi-volatile toxicants during house fires. Chemosphere, 173, 580–593, 2017.
21. Keir, J.L.A., Akhtar, U.S., Matschke, D.M.J., Kirkham, T.L., Chan, H.M., Ayotte, P., White, P.A., Blais, J.M., Elevated Exposures to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Other Organic Mutagens in Ottawa Firefighters Participating in Emergency, On-Shift Fire Suppression. Environ. Sci. Technol., 51, 12745–12755, 2017.
22. Fent, K.W., Evans, D.E., Babik, K., Striley, C., Bertke, S., Kerber, S., Smith, D., Horn, G.P., Airborne contaminants during controlled residential fires. J. Occup. Environ. Hyg., 15, 399–412, 2018.
23. Blais, M. and Carpenter, K., Combustion Characteristics of Flat Panel Televisions With and Without Flame Retardants in the Casing. Fire Technol., 51, 19–40, 2015.
24. Blais, M.S., Carpenter, K., Fernandez, K., Comparative Room Burn Study of Furnished Rooms from the United Kingdom, France and the United States. Fire Technol., 56, 489–514, 2020.
25. Simonson, M., Blomqvist, P., Boldizar, A., Möller, K., Rosell, L., Tullin, C., Stripple, H., Sundqvist, J.O., Fire-LCA Model: TV Case Study, SP Report 2000, SP Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, Printed in 2000.
26. Simonson, M., Andersson, P., Bliss, D., Fire Performance of Selected IT-Equipment. Fire Tech.2004, 40, 27–37, 2004.
27. Blomqvist, P., Rosell, L., Simonson, M., Emissions from Fires Part I: Fire Retarded and Non-Fire Retarded TV-Sets. Fire Tech., 40, 39–58, 2004.
28. Blomqvist, P., Rosell, L., Simonson, M., Emissions from Fires Part II: Fire Retarded and Non-Fire Retarded TV-Sets. Fire Tech., 40, 59–73, 2004.
29. Simonson-McNamee, M. and Andersson, P., Application of a Cost-benefit Analysis Model to the Use of Flame Retardants. Fire Technol., 51, 67–83, 2015.
30. Gomes, G., Ward, P., Lorenzo, A., Hoffman, K., Stapleton, H.M., Characterizing Flame Retardant Appications and Potential Human Exposure in Backpacking Tents. Environ. Sci. Technol., 50, 5338–5345, 2016.
31. Stapleton, H.M., Dodder, N.G., Offenberg, J.H., Schantz, M.M., Wise, S.A., Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in House Dust and Clothes Dryer Lint. Environ. Sci. Technol., 39, 925–931, 2005.
32. Tange, L. and Drohmann, D., Waste electrical and electronic equipment plastics with brominated flame retardants – from legislation to separate treatment – thermal processes. Polym. Degrad. Stab., 88, 35–40, 2005.
33. Unwelcome Guest: PBDEs in Indoor Dust. Environ. Health Perspect., 116, A202–209, 2008.
34. Vorkamp, K., Bester, K., Rigét, F.F., Species-Specific Time Trends and Enantiomer Fractions of Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) in Biota from East Greenland. Environ. Sci. Technol., 46, 10549–10555, 2012.
35. Crosse, J.D., Shore, R.F., Wadsworth, R.A., Jones, K.C., Pereira, M.G., Long-Term Trends in PBDEs in Sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus) Eggs Indicate Sustained Contamination of UK Terrestrial Ecosystems. Environ. Sci. Technol., 46, 13504–13511, 2012.
36. Salamova, A. and Hites, R.A., Brominated and Chlorinated Flame Retardants in Tree Bark from Around the Globe. Environ. Sci. Technol., 47, 349–354, 2013.
37. Saini, A., Thyasen, C., Jantunen, L., McQueen, R.H., Diamond, M.L., From clothing to Laundry Water: Investigating the Fate of Phthalates, Brominated Flame Retardants, and Organophosphate Esters. Environ. Sci. Technol., 50, 9289–9297, 2016.
38. Liu, D., Lin, T., Shen, K., Li, J., Yu, Z., Zhang, G., Occurrence and Concentrations of Halogenated Flame Retardants in the Atmospheric Fine Particles in Chinese Cities. Environ. Sci. Technol., 50, 9846–9854, 2016.
39. Li, T.-Y., Ge, J.-L., Pei, J., Bao, L.-J., Wu, C.-C., Zeng, E.Y., Emissions and Occupational Exposure Risk of Halogenated Flame Retardants from Primitive Recycling of E-Waste. Environ. Sci. Technol., 53, 12495–12505, 2019.
40. Digges, K.H., Gann, R.G., Grayson, S.J., Hirschler, M.M., Lyon, R.E., Purser, D.A., Quintiere, J.G., Stephenson, R.R., Tewarson, A., Human survivability in motor vehicle fires. Fire Mater., 32, 249–258, 2008.
41. Hirschler, M.M., Polyurethane foam and fire safety. Polym. Adv. Technol., 19, 521–529, 2008.
42. Hirschler, M.M., Procedures for development and revision of codes and standards associated with fire safety in the USA. Fire Mater., 41, 1058–1071, 2017.
43. United Nations, Stockholm Convention