to impact overall fitness in this species due to disruption of natural valve gape periodicity. It is likely that vibration travelling through the mussel body may stimulate movement of the statocyst system, as observed in other invertebrates (Roberts et al. 2015 and references therein).
Finally, another sensory receptor, the abdominal sense organ (ASO), first described in scallops but now reported from at least 19 bivalve families (Haszprunar 1983), is a small piece of tissue situated on the adductor muscle near the anus. The receptor epithelium contains ciliated sensory cells and mucocytes, the former making up 90% of the total cell number (details in Zhadan et al. 2004). While some believe that the ASO functions in the regulation of water flow within the pallial cavity (Beninger & Le Pennec 2006), others have suggested that it may be involved in the perception of waterborne vibrations – similar in some respects to the acoustic lateral line system in fish – and Zhadan (2005) has indeed shown that the scallops Mizuhopecten yessoensis and Chlamys swifti are sensitive to ultrasonic vibrations in the range 30–1000 Hz. This type of sensory input could give warning of the approach of a predator.
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