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      1 1 The first inventory register of anthropology collections was created in 1857 (Mennecier 2006).

      2 2 Mummy described in: Buffon, Georges-Louis Leclerc, Histoire naturelle, générale et particulière avec la description du Cabinet du Roy, volume XV.

      3 3 Restorer, in charge of the conservation and restoration of the mummies of the Museum until 2013. A. Raggi was assisted in this work by C. Lair (MNHN) and various other people, both volunteers and on a contractual basis. This work was continued between 2013 and 2017 by E. Quétel, curator-restorer of heritage, specialising in human remains and organic materials.

      4 4 Scientific manager of the Museum’s anthropobiology collections until 2016, succeeded by S. Bahuchet.

      5 5 Dusting with a soft brush and a HEPA filter vacuum cleaner equipped with a micro-suction kit; cleaning with a latex resin and RubGum®, resin by E. Quétel.

      6 6 The scans were acquired on February 19, 2011 at La Pitié Salpêtrière (Department of Pr. Grenier). The authors thank Dr. Isabelle Huynh-Charlier for her technical assistance during these scans.

      7 7 MDCT Philips Brilliance 64-channel, The Netherlands.

      8 8 “Standard” acquisition parameters. Collimation: 64 x 0.625; 120 kV/50 mAs. Slice thickness: 1.5 mm; increment: 0.75 mm; filter B; matrix: 512. Cutting thickness: 0.67 mm; increment: 0.33 mm; YB filter; matrix: 768.

      9 9 “Ultrahigh resolution” acquisition parameters. Collimation: 20 x 0.625; 140 kV/100 mAs. Slice thickness: 0.625 mm; increment: 0.5 mm; D filter; matrix: 512.

      10 10 Pum (pubic length) = 73.0 mm; spu (pubo-acetabular width) = 28.0 mm; Dcox (maximum height of coxal bone) = 209.8 mm; Iimt (height of greater ischial incisure) = 32.2 mm; Scox (ilium width) = 146.7 mm; sa (spino-auricular length) = 72.6 mm.

      11 11 During pupation (passage from larva to adult), the external envelope of the “maggot” hardens and constitutes a small rigid barrel (puparium/plur. puparia) inside which the insect enters into metamorphosis.

      12 12 Species cited as C. boliviana (Mello).

      13 13 Who seeks the light of the sun.

      14 14 Parasitic disease due to the infestation of tissues by insect larvae (various species of Diptera in particular).