For the study purpose, two different distribution networks are considered. The first distribution network is a 33-bus distribution network having a total active power demand of 3715 kW with active power loss of 202.6771 kW [65] at the peak load level. The other one is 69-bus distribution network having active power demand as 3802.2 kW and, reactive power demand as 2694.6 kVAr [67]. The active power loss at the peak load level of the 69-bus distribution network is 224.96 kW.
The size of the solar PV can’t be varied. The installed capacity of solar PV is constant. So, the size of the solar PV has been optimized for a particular hour. In this study, the size of the solar PV has been optimized for the 15th hour of the day correspond to which the load demand is 1.0 pu, and solar PV power generation is 0.7424 pu. The solar PV system generates and injects the active power to the distribution network. The active power injection from a solar PV plant for any particular hour can be expressed as in (Equation 1.33)