Шарль Бюффе

8 полюсов Фредерика Паулсена. Путешествие в мир холода


Скачать книгу

– норвежское название архипелага Шпицберген (немецкий вариант названия), самая северная часть Королевства Норвегии между 76°26’ и 80°50’ с. ш. и 10° и 32° в. д.

      14

      Прим. переводчика: лат. «Мамонты».

      15

      Северная энциклопедия. – М.: Европейские издания, 2004.– 1200 с. Первый в истории книгоиздания универсальный свод информации, посвящённой Северу России и соседям по арктическому региону.

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