395 377
396 378
397 379
398 380
399 381
List of Figures and Maps
Figures
Front cover: Inscribed terracotta tile, first century BCE/first century ce: Museo Archeologico Nazionale di Reggio Calabria; su concessione del Ministero della Cultura n. 8 del 24/3/2021 – Museo Archeologico Nazionale di Reggio Calabria.
1. Funerary stele, end of fifth century BCE, Athens: National Archaeological Museum of Athens, inv. no. 3624, image provided under CC BY license from Wikimedia Commons
2. Funerary stele, second century BCE, Smyrna: Leiden, Rijksmuseum, inv. no. Pb. 75 Smyrna: image provided under CC BY licence by the Leiden Rijksmuseum
3. Funerary stele, first century CE, Antunnacum: image provided under CC BY licence from Wikimedia Commons
4. Funerary stele of Aulus Caprilius Timotheos, ca. 100 CE, Amphipolis: image from J. Roger, “Inscriptions de la région du Strymone,” Revue archéologique, 1945, 24, Figure
5. a–b: The Warren cup: Roman silver vessel, first century ce: British Museum, inv. no. 1999,0426.
6. The funerary monument of Marcus Vergilius Eurysaces, 100–50 BCE, Rome; image provided under CC BY licence from Wikimedia Commons
7. The agora of the Italians, ca. 100 BCE, Delos; reproduced by permission from Trümper 2009, Figure
8. House of the Lake, late Hellenistic period, Delos: reproduced by permission from Zarmakoupi 2016, Figure 4.
9. a)Plan of the “villa barracks,” second–fifth century CE, Villamagna: reproduced by permission from Fentress, Goodson and Maiuro 2016, Figure 5.75. b) idem, Figure 5.
10. Sketch of a lead collar with Latin inscription, Bulla Regia, Africa Proconsularis (fourth or fifth century CE): image from A. Merlin, Le temple d’Apollon à Bulla Regia, Paris, 1910, 10, Figure
11. Marble triple statue of Diana, second century CE, Rome. Source: British Museum; https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/image/561456001
12. Columbarium 2 at Vigna Codini, before 20 CE, Rome: image provided under CC BY licence from Wikimedia Commons
13. a) Relief from Trajan’s column, early second century CE, Rome: image from C. Cichorius, Die Reliefs der Traianssäule: Erster Tafelband: Die Reliefs des Ersten Dakischen Krieges, Tafeln 1–57, Plate XXXIII, Berlin, 1896. b) Relief from Trajan’s column, early second century CE, Rome: image from C. Cichorius, Die Reliefs der Traianssäule: Zweiter Tafelband: Die Reliefs des Zweiten Dakischen Krieges, Tafeln 58–113, Plate CVII, Berlin,
14. Bronze tag for collar with Latin inscription, second half of fourth century CE, Rome: British Museum, inv. no. 1975,0902.
15. Bronze coin of King Antiochos. Source: British Museum: 1868,0730.156; Asset number: 316587001; https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/image/316587001
16. Reliefs from the funerary monument of Zoilos, late first century BCE/early first century CE, Aphrodisias: image by the authors
17. Funerary relief of Ampudius Philomusus, 30 BCE–30 CE, Rome: British Museum, inv. no. 1920,0220.
18. Funerary relief of Philonicus and Demetrius, late first century BCE/early first century CE, Tusculum: British Museum, inv. no. 1954,1214.
19. Funerary relief of Antistius Sarculo and Antistia Plutia, late first century BCE/early first century CE, Rome: British Museum, inv. no. 1858,0819.
20. Funerary relief of Aurelius Hermia and Aurelia Philematium, 75–50 BCE, Rome: British Museum, inv. no. 1867,0508.
21. Funerary relief of Fonteia Eleusis and Fonteia Helena, late first century BCE/early first century CE, Rome: British Museum, inv. no. 1973,0109.
22. Fresco from the House of Sutoria Primigenia, Pompeii, first century ce: reproduced with permission from Flower 2017, Plate 9; su concessione Del Ministero della Cultura - Parco Archeologico di Pompeii
Map
1. Map of the places of origin of slaves mentioned in 8.1. Source: Adapted from Lewis 2017, 2018: 277–
Note to the Reader
Editions of Greek and Latin literary texts, inscriptions, and papyri
All translations are our own. Unless otherwise specified, we have translated what is considered the standard edition of the Greek and Latin literary texts. For papyri, we have translated the text appearing in papyri.info, while for inscriptions we have translated the text indicated in their reference number unless otherwise specified.
Signs used in the book
*** indicates that something of the original Greek or Latin text has been lost in transmission.
† indicates that the transmitted Greek or Latin text is problematic, and the exact wording of the original cannot be recovered.
[…] indicates that (i) text has been omitted by us or (ii) text has been lost through damage to the inscription or papyrus.
[aaa] lost text restored by the modern editor.
<aaa> text erroneously omitted in the transmitted Greek or Latin text but added by the modern editor.
(aaa) text added by us to facilitate understanding.
Names of persons, places, and peoples
We have used assimilated English forms of names of persons, places, and peoples whenever we judged them recognizable relatively widely (e.g. Attica, Rhodes, Lacedaemonians, the philosopher Socrates).
Names of ancient authors: We have followed the style of the Oxford Classical Dictionary both for the authors of the sources and for authors mentioned in them.
Other persons’ names: In translations of Latin sources, we have kept the Latin form of persons’ names, whatever the names’ origin. With one exception (source 12.2), in translations of Greek sources, we have transliterated people’s names of Greek origin but used the Latin form of Latin names.
Place names: We have used Greek transliterations of toponyms in the Eastern Mediterranean and Latin forms of toponyms in the Western Mediterranean, the northern Balkans, and northern Europe.
Names of peoples: For the names’ roots, we have followed the same policy as with place names, so that the people can be connected with the corresponding toponym relatively easily. But we have tended to use assimilated English endings throughout (e.g. Achaeans, Kilikians, Dacians).
Acknowledgements
This book has had a very long gestation, from the early 2010s, when it was conceived, until its final delivery almost a decade later. We would like to thank Wiley Blackwell and its staff for their original invitation to contribute this volume to the Blackwell Sourcebooks in Ancient History series, as well as for their patience