DATA 7 Monitoring Volcanic Activity Through Combined Measurements of CO2 Efflux and (222Rn) and (220Rn) in Soil Gas 7.1. INTRODUCTION 7.2. BACKGROUND 7.3. SAMPLING STRATEGY AND ANALYTICAL METHODS 7.4. SYNOPSIS OF THIS STUDY’S RESULTS 7.5. THE SOIL GAS DISEQUILIBRIUM INDEX (SGDI) 7.6. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FILTERED SGDI DATA AND VOLCANIC ACTIVITY OF MT. ETNA 7.7. SUMMARY APPENDIX STATISTICAL TREATMENT OF SGDI DATA ACKNOWLEDGMENTS REFERENCES
10 Part II: Low‐Temperature/Shallow Earth Processes 8 The Carbon Isotope Record and Earth Surface Oxygenation 8.1. INTRODUCTION 8.2. THE CARBON ISOTOPE BUDGET 8.3. forg AND THE OXYGEN BUDGET 8.4. OXYGEN SINKS IN A LOW‐OXYGEN WORLD 8.5. RESOLVING THE pO2 – forg PARADOX 8.6. PREDICTIONS OF THE AUTHIGENIC FEEDBACK HYPOTHESIS 8.7. CONCLUSIONS REFERENCES 9 Detrital Garnet Geochronology 9.1. INTRODUCTION AND MOTIVATION 9.2. THEORETICAL FEASIBILITY OF DETRITAL GARNET GEOCHRONOLOGY 9.3. DETAILED METHODOLOGY 9.4. CASE STUDIES 9.5. CONCLUSION ACKNOWLEDGMENTS REFERENCES 10 A Review of the Development of Cr, Se, U, Sb, and Te Isotopes as Indicators of Redox Reactions, Contaminant Fate, and Contaminant Transport in Aqueous Systems 10.1. INTRODUCTION 10.2. MASS SPECTROMETRY AND SAMPLE PREPARATION METHODS 10.3. CURRENT UNDERSTANDING OF ISOTOPIC FRACTIONATION 10.4. APPLICATIONS OF CR, U, AND SE ISOTOPE MEASUREMENTS 10.5. REACTIVE TRANSPORT MODELS: AN ESSENTIAL PART OF THE SCIENCE 10.6. CONCLUSIONS AND OUTLOOK APPENDIX ACKNOWLEDGMENTS REFERENCES 11 The Effects of Reactive Transport on Sulfur Isotopic Compositions in Natural Environments 11.1. MOTIVATION 11.2. SULFUR ISOTOPE INTRODUCTION 11.3. REACTIVE TRANSPORT EFFECTS ON SULFUR ISOTOPE‐SIGNATURES 11.4. SUMMARY REFERENCES 12 A Reactive Transport Framework Describing Covariation in the Isotopic Ratios of Multiple Elements in Natural Systems 12.1. MOTIVATION 12.2. A SYNTHETIC MODEL STUDY OF PAIRED ISOTOPE SIGNATURES 12.3. SUMMARY REFERENCES 13 Stable Ca Isotope Fractionation in Cenozoic Marine Mammals 13.1. INTRODUCTION 13.2. BACKGROUND 13.3. METHODS 13.4. RESULTS 13.5. DISCUSSION 13.6 CONCLUSIONS APPENDIX 13A MARINE MAMMAL BONE ANALYSIS APPENDIX 13B BALEEN ANALYSIS I APPENDIX 13C BALEEN ANALYSIS II ACKNOWLEDGMENTS REFERENCES
11 Index
List of Tables
1 Chapter 1Table 1.1 Summary of the exponents β from laboratory diffusion exper...
2 Chapter 2Table 2.1 Major element composition of starting materials (fused glasses) m...Table 2.2 Summary of isotopic results.
3 Chapter 3Table 3.1 Mass‐dependent calcium isotope compositions of igneous rocks and ...Table 3.2 Difference between igneous rocks used to estimate δ44Ca of BSE an...
4 Chapter