Глоссариум по искусственному интеллекту: 2500 терминов. Том 2. Александр Юрьевич Чесалов

483.

      Executable – executable code, an executable file, or an executable program, sometimes simply referred to as an executable or binary, causes a computer «to perform indicated tasks according to encoded instructions», as opposed to a data file that must be interpreted (parsed) by a program to be meaningful484.

      Existential risk – the hypothesis that substantial progress in artificial general intelligence (AGI) could someday result in human extinction or some other unrecoverable global catastrophe485.

      Experience replay in reinforcement learning, a DQN technique used to reduce temporal correlations in training data. The agent stores state transitions in a replay buffer, and then samples transitions from the replay buffer to create training data486.

      Experimenter’s bias it is the tester’s tendency to seek and interpret information, or give preference to one or another information, that is consistent with his point of view, belief or hypothesis. A kind of cognitive distortion and bias in inductive thinking487.

      Expert system is a computer system that emulates the decision-making ability of a human expert. Expert systems are designed to solve complex problems by reasoning through bodies of knowledge, represented mainly as if—then rules rather than through conventional procedural code488,489.

      Expert systems are systems that use industry knowledge (from medicine, chemistry, law) combined with sets of rules that describe how to apply the knowledge490.

      Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) is a key term in AI design and in the tech community as a whole. It refers to efforts to make sure that artificial intelligence programs are transparent in their purposes and how they work. Explainable AI is a common goal and objective for engineers and others trying to move forward with artificial intelligence progress491