Fitzpatrick William John

Secret Service Under Pitt


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in the Dublin Penny Journal, March 1, 1834 (p. 274). In 1797 Mr. Hamill was indicted for defenderism and acquitted, 'and the witnesses for the Crown were so flagrantly perjured that the judge, I have heard, ordered a prosecution' (Speech of Henry Grattan in Parliament, May 13, 1805 —Hansard, ii. 925).

25

As regards 'Inishry,' no such cognomen is to be found in the pedigrees of MacFirbis or O'Clery, or any name to which it might be traced. The name that the spy gave was probably Hennessy – which Downshire, in writing from dictation, may have mistaken for 'Inishry.'

26

Long before the publication of Mr. Froude's book, Arthur O'Connor, in a letter to Dr. Madden, states that 'Lord Edward took no oath on joining the United Irishmen.' – Vide their Lives and Times, ii. 393.

27

In chapter vii. my contention will be found established on conclusive testimony, which had failed to present itself until years had been given to a slow process of logical deduction. Vide also Appendix to this volume.

28

'The Northern Marquis' was, of course, Lord Downshire.

29

'A Lanthorn through some Dark Passages, with a Key to Secret Chambers,' was the title originally chosen for the present book, but I finally laid it aside as being too much in the style of old Parson Fry's 'Pair of Bellows to Blow away the Dust.'

30

How this book got out of the Castle and was sold for waste paper by a man named Fagan is a curious story in itself. The volume is now preserved in the Royal Irish Academy.

31

A prisoner named Turner, Christian name not given, indicted for high treason, is announced as discharged in December 1795, owing to the flight of a Crown witness. – Vide Irish State Trials (Dublin: Exshaw, 1796); Lib. R. I. Academy.

32

Vide pp. 21-2. Newell's pamphlet will be found in the Halliday Collection, vol. 743, Royal Irish Academy.

33

Vide Mr. Matthew's narrative in The Sham Squire, sixth edition, pp. 355-363.

34

This place of rendezvous was, doubtless, chosen because of its proximity to Leinster House, where Lord Edward mainly lived.

35

Major Sirr's Papers (MS.), Trinity College, Dublin. Conlan's information makes no mention of a remarkable man, the Rev. William Steel Dickson, D.D., a Presbyterian pastor of Down, and described by the historians of his Church as ready to take the field. Dr. Dickson, in his Narrative, admits (p. 193) that he had been 'frequently in the company of Lowry, Turner, and Teeling.' Turner was a Presbyterian and possibly wished to spare a pastor of his Church.

36

The Pelham MSS. Examination dated September 6, 1797. Pelham, afterwards Lord Chichester, was Chief Secretary for Ireland at that time, and his papers are a useful help in throwing light upon it. A large portion of them are occupied by a correspondence with Generals Lake and Nugent regarding Dr. Macara; he offered to inform if let out on bail. Lake hoped that he would prove a valuable informer; and, as he was far from rich, could not afford to reject pecuniary reward; but, although Macara at first seemed to consent, his replies were finally found to be evasive.

37

Higgins to Cooke, MS. letter, Dublin Castle, June 7, 1797.

38

Ibid., August 29, 1797. Five weeks later Turner makes his disclosure to Downshire.

39

The English in Ireland, iii. 312.

40

Allen, a draper's assistant in Dublin, afterwards a colonel in the service of France.

41

Report of the Secret Committee, p. 31. (Dublin, 1798.)

42

Life of the Reverend James Coigly, p. 28. (London, 1798.) Halliday Collection, R.I.A., vol. 743.

43

The Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.

44

The Home Secretary.

45

Camden to Portland, March 1, 1798. English in Ireland, iii. 310.

46

Portland to Camden, March 7, 1798.

47

In O'Connor's valise were found 900l., a military uniform, and some papers relating to Lord Edward Fitzgerald. – W. J. F.

48

Life of Thomas Reynolds, by his Son. (London, 1839.)

49

For proofs of the intimacy between Reinhard and Turner at Hamburg, see Castlereagh Papers, i. 277 et seq.; and my chapter on McNevin, infra.

50

In August, 1798, Humbert and 900 Frenchmen arrived in Killala Bay.

51

'The person' is the name by which Downshire's friend, the betrayer, is usually styled in the letters from the Home Office to Dublin Castle. The words, 'while he was in this country,' show that he had left England, as Downshire's friend admittedly did, in panic.

52

'I.e. in October 1797, when he called upon Downshire; and again in March 1798, when Portland offered him large sums if he would openly prosecute.'

53

Mr. Lecky describes this arrest, and rather suggests that it may have been due to Higgins in Dublin (vide viii. 55). The above evidence points surely to the Hamburg spy.

54

See Castlereagh Papers, i. 231-6.

55

Of course one of Turner's many aliases. See p. 97, infra.

56

Castlereagh Correspondence, ii. 1-7.

57

Ibid. i. 178.

58

Dutton, on his examination, said that he had sworn in Ireland against one 'Lowry.' This is the man whom Turner, in his letters, constantly points to. Dutton admitted that he had previously sworn secrecy to the Society of United Irishmen, but the oath had been sworn only on a spelling-book.

59

Trial of Arthur O'Connor and James Quigley at Maidstone. Howell's State Trials, vols. xxvi. and xxvii.

60

Foulkes was the attorney whom Lawless engaged to defend O'Coigly. Lord Cloncurry, in his Memoirs, writes very inaccurately of the facts. He says that the arrests took place at Whitstable, instead of Margate, and that O'Coigly was hanged on May 7, whereas he should have written June. See p. 67.

61

Memoirs of the Whig Party. By Lord Holland, afterwards a Cabinet Minister.

62

Froude's English in Ireland, iii. 321.

63

See p. 31, infra.

64

In the Pelham MSS. is a letter signed Frederick Dutton, regarding his Vice-Consulate, and dated Dec. 19, 1825.

65

See Castlereagh Papers, i. 251. See also chapter vii. of the present volume.

66

Froude, iii. 301.

67

See M. de Talleyrand, par M. de Villemarest, ch. viii.; Hist. du Directoire, par M. de Barante, liv. iv.

68

Of infidelity to the rebel cause.

69

Mr. Froude, speaking of 'the second arrest of two of the leading committees of Belfast,' says (iii. 237) that 'Lake seized papers which revealed