Алексей Быков

Удивительное языкознание


Скачать книгу

– [г]. Однако в языках, развившихся на его основе, эта буква проиобрела два варианта чтения, причем по тому же правилу, что мы имели в случае с буквой с. А именно, перед теми же буквами e, y, i читается необычно: [ж] (французский и португальский), [х] (испанский), [дьжь] (итальянский и английский), [й] (шведский) во всех остальных случаях – честное [г].

      Конец ознакомительного фрагмента.

      Текст предоставлен ООО «ЛитРес».

      Прочитайте эту книгу целиком, купив полную легальную версию на ЛитРес.

      Безопасно оплатить книгу можно банковской картой Visa, MasterCard, Maestro, со счета мобильного телефона, с платежного терминала, в салоне МТС или Связной, через PayPal, WebMoney, Яндекс.Деньги, QIWI Кошелек, бонусными картами или другим удобным Вам способом.

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