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Так полон или пуст? Почему все мы – неисправимые оптимисты


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Corballis M. The Evolution of Foresight: What Is Mental Time Travel, and Is It Unique to Humans? // Behavioral and Brain Sciences. 30; 3 (2007). P. 313–351. doi:10.1017/S 0140525X07001975

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      Raby C. R. et al. Planning for the Future by Western Scrub-Jays // Nature. 445; 7130 (2007). P. 919–921. doi:10.1038/nature05575

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      Dally J. M., Emery N. J., Clayton N. S. Food-Caching Western Scrub-Jays Keep Track of Who Was Watching When // Science. 314. 5780 (2006). P. 1662–1665. doi:10.1126/science.1126539

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      Correia S. P. C., Dickinson A., Clayton N. S. Western Scrub-Jays Anticipate Future Needs Independently of Their Current Motivational State // Current Biology. 17; 10 (2007). P. 856–861. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2007.03.063

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      Raby C. R. et al. Planning for the Future by Western Scrub-Jays // Nature. 445; 7130 (2007). P. 919–921. doi:10.1038/nature05575

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      Morell V. et al. Nicola Clayton Profile: Nicky and the Jays // Science. 315; 5815 (2007). P. 1074–1075.

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      Bird L. R. et al. Spatial Memory for Food Hidden by Rats (Rattus norvegicus) on the Radial Maze: Studies of Memory for Where, What, and When // Journal of Comparative Psychology. 117 (2003). P. 176–187.

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      Zentall Th. R. Mental Time Travel in Animals: A Challenging Question // Behavioral Processes. 72; 2 (2006). P. 173–183. doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2006.01.009

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      McKenzie T. et al. Can Squirrel Monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) Plan for the Future? Studies of Temporal Myopia in Food Choice // Learning & Behavior. 32; 4 (2004). P. 377–390.

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      Woollett K., Spiers H. J., Maguire E. A. Talent in the Taxi: A Model System for Exploring Expertise. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B // Biological Sciences. 364; 1522 (2009). P. 1407–1416. doi:10.1098/rstb.2008.0288

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      Твигги (наст. имя – Лесли Хорнби) – британская супермодель, актриса, певица.

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      Ронни Скотт (1927–1996) – британский саксофонист и владелец джаз-клуба.

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      Джорджи Фэйм (наст. имя – Клайв Пауэлл) – британский джазовый певец; с 1961 по 1966 г. был вокалистом группы The Blue Flames.

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      Брэт Мэверик – гениальный игрок в покер и обаятельный мошенник, герой фильма Ричарда Доннера «Мэверик» 1994 года. Айсмен, или Человек-лед, – супергерой из вселенной Marvel Comics, один из Людей Икс.

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      Maguire E. A. et al. Navigation-Related Structural Change in the Hippocampi of Taxi Drivers // Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 9; 8 (2000). P. 4398–4403. doi:10.1073/pnas.070039597

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      Taxi Drivers’ Brains ‘Grow’ on the Job. URL: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/677048.stm

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      Maguire E. A. et al. Navigation-Related Structural Change in the Hippocampi of Taxi Drivers // Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 9; 8 (2000). P. 4398–4403. doi:10.1073/pnas.070039597

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      Ibid.

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      Lee D. W., Miyasato L. E., Clayton N. S. Neurobiological Bases of Spatial Learning in the Natural Environment: Neurogenesis and Growth in the Avian and Mammalian Hippocampus // Neuroreport. 9; 7 (1998). P. R 15–27.

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      Krebs J. R. et al. Hippocampal Specialization of Food-Storing Birds // Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of United States of America. 86; 4 (1989). P. 1388–1392.

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      Lee D. W., Miyasato L. E., Clayton N. S. Neurobiological Bases of Spatial Learning in the Natural Environment: Neurogenesis and Growth in the Avian and Mammalian Hippocampus // Neuroreport. 9; 7 (1998). P. R 15–27.

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      Smulders T. V., Sasson A. D., DeVoogd T. J. Seasonal Variation in Hippocampal Volume in a Food-Storing Bird, the Black-Capped Chickadee // Journal of Neurobiology. 27; 1 (1995). P. 15–25. doi:10.1002/neu.480270103

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      Reboreda J. C., Clayton N. S., Kacelnik A. Species and Sex Differences in Hippocampus Size in Parasitic and Non-Parasitic Cowbirds // Neuroreport. 7; 2 (1996). P. 505–508.

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      Jacobs L. F. et al. Evolution of Spatial Cognition: Sex-Specific Patterns of Spatial Behavior Predict Hippocampal Size // Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 87; 16 (1990). P. 6349–6352.

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      Tulving E. Episodic Memory: From Mind to Brain // Annual Review of Psychology. 53 (2002). P. 1–25. doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.53.100901.135114

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      Hassabis D. et al. Patients with Hippocampal Amnesia Cannot Imagine New Experiences // Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 104; 5 (2007). P. 1726–1731. doi:10.1073/pnas.0610561104

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      Addis D. R., Wong A. T., Schacter D. L. Remembering the Past and Imagining the Future: Common and Distinct Neural Substrates During Event Construction and Elaboration // Neuropsychologia. 45; 7 (2007). P. 1363–1377. doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.10.016

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      Matheson S. M., Asher L., Bateson M. Larger. Enriched Cages Are Associated with ‘Optimistic’ Response Biases in Captive European Starlings (Sturnus vulgaris): Applied Animal Behaviour // Science. 109 (2008). P. 374–383.

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      Varki A. Human Uniqueness and the Denial of Death // Nature. 460; 7256 (2009). P. 684. doi:10.1038/460684c

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      Ibid.

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      Spencer L.