words, chiefly expressing articles of dress.
9
The non-Russian reader must be cautioned not to confuse Iván III. (surnamed Velíkiy, or the Great) with Ivan IV., the Cruel, the latter of whom is to foreigners the most prominent figure in the Russian history. Iván III. mounted the throne in 1462, and his terrible namesake in 1534; the reign of Vassíliy Ivánovitch intervening between these two memorable epochs.
10
The translator recently met in society a Russian officer, who had served with distinction in the country which forms the scene of "Ammalát Bek." This gentleman had intimately known Marlínski, and bore witness to the perfect accuracy of his delineations, as well of the external features of nature as of the characters of his
11
Djoumá answers to our Sabbath. The days of the Mahomedan week are as follows: Shambi, Saturday; Ikhshambá, Sunday; Doushambá, Monday; Seshambá, Tuesday; Tchershambá, Wednesday; Pkhanshambá, Thursday; Djoumá, Friday.
12
Sákla, a Circassian hut.
13
A species of garment, resembling a frock-coat with an upright collar, reaching to the knees, fixed in front by hooks and eyes, worn by both sexes.
14
The trowsers of the
15
It is the ordinary manner of the Asiatics to sit in this manner in public, or in the presence of a superior.
16
A kind of rude cart with two wheels.
17
The first Shamkháls were the kinsmen and representatives of the Khalifs of Damascus: the last Shamkhál died on his return from Russia, and with him finished this useless rank. His son, Suleiman Pacha, possessed his property as a private individual.
18
The attendants of a Tartar noble, equivalent to the "henchman" of the ancient Highlanders. The noúker waits behind his lord at table, cuts up and presents the food.
19
3500 English feet—three quarters of a mile.
20
Foster-brother; from the word "emdjek"—suckling. Among the tribes of the Caucasus, this relationship is held more sacred than that of nature. Every man would willingly die for his emdjek.
21
This is a celebrated race of Persian horses, called Teke.
22
The being obliged to transport provisions.
23
The chief of a village.
24
The subordinates of the atarost.
25
Go to the devil.
26
The Asiatics mark their horses by burning them on their haunch with a hot iron. This peculiar mark, the στιγμα or κοτπα of the Greeks is called "távro."
27
The brother of Hassan Khan Djemontái, who became Khan of Avár by marrying the Khan's widow and heiress.
28
The Russian detachment, consisting on this occasion of 3000 men, was surrounded by 60,000. These were, Ouizmi Karakaidákhsky, the Aváretzes, Akoushínetzes, the Boulinétzes of the Koi-Soú, and others. The Russians fought their way out by night, but with considerable loss.
29
The whip of a Kazak.
30
A superintendent.
31
The house, in Tartar, is "ev;" "outakh," mansion; and "sarái," edifice in general; "haram-khanéh," the women's apartments. For palace they employ the word "igarát." The Russians confound all these meanings in the word "sákla," which, in the Circassian language, is house.
32
The father of Ammalát was the eldest of the family, and consequently the true heir to the Shamkhalát. But the Russians, having conquered Daghestán, not trusting to the good intentions of this chief, gave the power to the younger brother.
33
A
34
The Tartars, like the North American Indians, always, if possible, shelter themselves behind rocks and enclosures, &c., when engaged in battle.
35
The commander-in-chief.
36
A kind of dried bread.
37
The mountaineers are bad Mussulmans, the Sooni sect is predominant; but the Daghestánetzes are in general Shageeds, as the Persians. The sects hate each other with all their heart.
38
The Circassian sabre.
39
A rough cloak, used as a protection in bad weather.
40
Friend, comrade.
41
Tchinár, the palmated-leaved plane.
42
Having no lead, the Aváretzes use balls of copper, as they possess small mines of that metal.
43
The translation adheres to the original, in forsaking the rhyme in these lines and some others.
44
Written in the time of French war.
45
To the shore of the Seine.