ТРИЗ для «чайников» – 4. Микростандарты. Лев Певзнер

барьера. М., Наука, 1983, с 25

      9

      У себя в «Группе Техмаш» мы получили рекламацию на то, что окна промерзают. Оказалось, что стараясь уменьшить зазор между рамой и корпусом вагон-дома мы перестарадись и сделали зазор настолько маленьким, что не смогли пропенить его на всю глубину. Толщина пеноизоляции оказалась 1—2 мм, вместо 80 мм по нормам. И хотя щель была тонкая, но через нее проходил холод.

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