Extreme Survivors: 60 of the World’s Most Extreme Survival Stories. Collins Maps

bike to a juniper tree. He began ‘canyoneering’ down the sinuous ravine. This technique uses elements of climbing, scrambling, jumping and skidding as well as technical ropework – anything that will get you through the canyon.

      It was just before lunchtime and Ralston had traversed most of the canyon. When he was just 150 m (492 ft) from the final abseil out of the canyon, he came into a 0.9 m (3 ft) wide crack. Like many of the smaller ravines it had boulders wedged in it. Most of these are stuck fast, jammed there for centuries. But the elements are constantly rearranging the desert, and many stones will rock or slide when moved.