Christian H. Kälin

The Global Residence & Citizenship Handbook


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that the country can accommodate personal and business needs.

INFRASTRUCTURE
Transport and accessibilityWhat is the general accessibility around the country including public transportation, train connections, domestic air travel, condition of the roads?How good are the travel connections by road, air, rail or sea to other countries?
UtilitiesIs the cost, access, quality and reliability of electricity, gas, water and waste services satisfactory?Is public water clean/safe to drink?
Telecommunications IT, InternetAre the telephone systems, mobile phone networks, broadband internet access up to date? Are IT-support services quality and availability acceptable?
Access to servicesHow is the access to standard services such as local banks, post office, grocery stores, shopping malls, etc.?
Medical facilitiesAre there reliable and modern hospital facilities?Is there free access to medical services? Are there any waiting times? What is the access to medical specialists? Are private medical facilities available and is access restricted?
Social securityIs there a mandatory social insurance scheme? What is the contribution level and is it in fact an additional tax? Is there a mandatory health insurance scheme?
Civic servicesAre there civic facilities such as parks, playgrounds, city hall or public libraries available?
EntertainmentWhat entertainment, cultural, sport and/or outdoor activities are available? Is there a choice of cinemas, restaurants, bars, clubs etc.?Are there recreational clubs such as golf, sailing, polo, tennis?
EducationWhat is the reputation of local schools and universities? Is private education readily available? Are there international schools? How does the education system and the schools rank globally?
Child careAre there good public day nurseries/after-school care facilities? Are private nannies and au-pairs easily available?
PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT
Geographic locationIs your new home centrally located in the region; is there a larger city in the vicinity? Or is your home located in a rural area? If your home is in a large city, are green spaces and recreational areas easily accessible?Are there any issues/problems with neighboring countries that could lead to conflict or war?
ClimateIs the climate to your liking? Number of sunshine hours per year? Average temperatures (summer/winter)? Is the area prone to winds and changeable weather?
PollutionHow clean is the environment and what are the levels of pollution of air, water, soil etc.?
Natural hazardsIs the place susceptible to flooding, hurricanes, earthquakes, heat waves, heavy snow?
Industrial hazardsAre there any nuclear power plants in your area? Are there other factories or production sites that may affect you? (Industrial smells, dust, hazardous products etc.)Is your new home located in the flight paths of the nearby airports?
BUSINESS AND ECONOMY
Currency and Capital restrictionsStability of local currency, exchange controls? Export of capital restrictions?
Government and political stabilityIs there a stable government and political environment?What is the political culture like? Are there frequent protests? Strikes?
Cost of livingWhat is the cost of living? Are import duty exemptions possible?
Banking and financial servicesAre high-level banking services easily available?Can the local banking and financial services industry support your business requirements?
Trade restrictionsAre there trade restrictions that could hamper international business dealings (i.e. repatriation of capital restrictions)?
Copyrights and patentsIs there a robust protection for copyrights and patents?
Company governanceIs it easy to incorporate and operate a company? Are corporate laws, regulations, taxes etc. mature and efficient?Are minority shareholders’ rights protected?
Public and private corruptionIs there any public or private corruption? Is it difficult to do business legally without having to bribe or other illegal means?
PEOPLE, CULTURE AND LIFESTYLE
LanguageWhat is the local language? Do people speak English, other languages?
PeopleAre you moving to an open and liberal society? Are the people friendly and welcoming, non-discriminatory? Are there social tensions or harmony between different ethnic or other groups in the society?
CultureIs there uniformity or diversity in the community with regard to religion, ethnicity? Are there places of worship particular to your religion in the country? Is there discrimination against your own culture/religion?
Gender and minority issuesWhat is the status of women in society? Are there restrictions in public life for women or for people of certain ethnicity, religion, sexual orientation, etc?
Civil rights and freedomsIs there freedom of speech, religion, language, press, political expression, information etc.?
Quality of livingWhat is the overall quality of living in the main cities and the countryside? How do the main cities and the country compare globally in terms of quality of living?
RESIDENCE PERMIT
Application procedureWhat is the minimum time and requirements to apply for a residence permit?
EaseIs it easy to become a legal resident? Are there many steps required, interviews, visits to the country?
Physical presenceAre there any minimal physical presence requirements to maintain legal residence status?
Time to Permanent Residence statusWhat are the conditions and the minimum time required to obtain Permanent Resident status?
CostWhat is the cost to obtain and maintain the residence permit (including tax considerations)?
Visa-free travelAs a resident, are there any visa-free travel benefits irrespective of citizenship?
StatusDoes residence in the country provide international social status benefits?
RevocationUnder what circumstances can residence permits be revoked/not renewed?
CITIZENSHIP
TimeWhat is the minimum time of residence required to apply for citizenship?
EaseIs it easy to become a citizen or restrictive? Does the country traditionally welcome new citizens (e.g. Canada) or is it restrictive (e.g. UAE)?
LanguageAre there strict language requirements?
Other restrictionsAre there other restrictions on becoming a citizen (e.g. sub- national restrictions, cultural, ethnic, etc.)?
Visa-free travelDo citizens enjoy good visa-free travel?
CostWhat is the cost to obtain and maintain citizenship?
ObligationsDoes citizenship come with burdensome obligations (e.g. military service, taxation)?
StatusDoes citizenship provide national or international social status benefits?
RevocationUnder what circumstances can citizenship be revoked?
LEGAL AND TAX
TaxationWhat is the taxable base and rate of taxation of the following?• Income and capital gains taxes• Net wealth and property taxes• Inheritance and gift taxes• Tax planning options• Are there strict anti-avoidance laws and restrictions on international structuring?• Import duties, tax exemptions• Value Added Taxes
Matrimonial and divorce regimeWill pre-nuptial agreement be recognized in this country?What impact has residence in the country on a possible divorce filing?
Real estateWhat is the state of the real-estate markets (residential, commercial)?What is the availability of residential real-estate for rent and purchase
Real-estate acquisitionIs it easy to acquire property? What are the transfer duties payable? Are there any restrictions to buy or sell?
Estate planningAre there forced