Democracy and Liberty. William Edward Hartpole Lecky

Congress undertakes to stamp it out—The Edmunds law

       Other measures against polygamy

       Conflicting opinions about their success

       Influences within Mormonism hostile to polygamy

       Polygamy abandoned by the Mormons

       Utah made a State

       Anglo-Saxon democracy favourable to religious liberty

       The sentiment of nationality sometimes hostile to it

       The Anti-Semite movement

       The Russian persecution

       Catholicism and Democracy—Ireland

       Growth of priestly influence in Irish politics

       Historical causes that have contributed to it

       Sacerdotal tyranny in 1826

       The Emancipation Act of 1829

       Palmerston and Clarendon on the conduct of the priests in 1847

       Character of priestly influence in Ireland—Complicity with crime

       Perversion of Irish Catholic opinion

       Recent legislation favourable to priestly influence

       How it is exercised

       Continental Catholicism

       Causes that have favoured the Ultramontane spirit

       Disendowment and loss of temporal dignities strengthen sacerdotalism

       Increased dependence of the priest on the bishop

       Growth of Catholic enthusiasm—Pilgrimages, &c

       Centralisation of Catholicism—Triumph of Ultramontanism

       Which has made it more fit to act on democracies

       Continued intolerance of the Church

       Its action on recent politics

       It constitutes a State within a State—Its claims and powers

       Dangers to be feared from it

       The general current not in the direction of priestly power

       Illustrations from Rome, Brazil, and France

       Conflicts with the lay power produced by the declaration of infallibility

       Austrian legislation

       Conflict in Switzerland

       In Germany

       Serious persecution of Catholics

       Bismarck retraces his steps

       Enters into alliance with the Pope

       Victory of the Vatican

       France—The battle of education: Its early phases

       Educational policy of Napoleon I

       Of the Restoration

       Of Guizot

       Of the Second Republic

       Popular education passes mainly into the hands of the religious orders

       The law of 1875

       Challemel-Lacour on the danger of priestly education

       Recent French Ultramontanism—Veuillot

       The Catholic party conspire against the Republic, May 1877

       Defeated at the elections—Anti-Clerical reaction

       The Supreme Council of Education remodelled

       Law expelling Jesuits, &c., from the schools

       Rejected by the Senate—The Ferry decrees

       Violent measures that followed

       Partial relaxation of the laws against unauthorised corporations

       Tests of competence—Public schools made gratuitous and secular

       Laws of 1881 and 1882

       Primary education made obligatory

       The case for purely secular State education

       National education ought to be an elastic thing admitting