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ILLUSTRATIONS
| Madame Etsu Inagaki Sugimoto... | Frontispiece |
| FACING PAGE | |
| My greatest pleasure was going to the temple with Mother | 42 |
PUBLISHER'S FOREWORD
THE Japan of the samurai—a land of tradition and set behavior—has almost disappeared. It would be hard to find a culture whose values were further removed from those of the West. Etsu Sugimoto was in the unusual situation of being brought up in a samurai family, being rigidly schooled so that she would be an intelligent and capable wife, and then being sent to America to meet for the first time her future husband. Her life in the West enabled her to remember her childhood with nostalgia and yet with detachment.
Her childhood memories are, perhaps, the most moving part of her autobiography. Her adventures in the family home, her journey over the mountains to Tokyo on horseback and in jin-rikishas, her first taste of meat, when the family shrine had to be covered so the gods would not be offended—these are magic memories which she recaptures perfectly; yet her account of America shows us Western life in a new light. Why, she wondered, were American women so irresponsible about money? In Japan it was their duty to see that their husband never had to think about such things. How odd to make social calls in the evening! That was the time of leisure at home. It was all very strange, and it was a long time before she could look at life in America and not be shocked.
How lucky that Madame Sugimoto did record her memories! Soon after the Meiji Restoration of 1868 introduced Western ideas into a still-feudal Japan, the samurai were fated to disappear. This, then, is a memoir of an almost-forgotten age, which seems far removed from the Japan of today.
Since it was first published in 1926, A Daughter of the Samurai has been reprinted many times. Letters of appreciation have been written to the author from people as diverse as Albert Einstein and Rabindranath Tagore. It is frequently referred to by Ruth Benedict in her Chrysanthemum and the Sword, for in this account of the traditional life of Japan are many pointers to the attitudes of present-day Japanese to their country and the world. Madame Sugimoto's autobiography shows us an apparently alien world from the inside, with which the Western reader finds himself deeply in sympathy.
THE PUBLISHERS
INTRODUCTION
THERE are many happy adventures for those who work in the strange world of printers' ink; and in some lucky moment of inspiration, several years ago, I asked Mrs. Sugimoto to write, for my column in a Philadelphia newspaper, some little memories of her girlhood in Japan. The story of the dog Shiro, whose prosperity in a future life she endangered by giving him her own cushion; her childish sadness about her curly hair; her pensive trouble when she discovered that American women were not really more modest than Japanese—these and a few other charming episodes first found their way into print in that newspaper, and gradually led to this beautiful and thrilling book. It is an honour to be asked by Mrs. Sugimoto to say a word of introduction here. I only wish that I knew how to make it ceremonious enough. For the inner suggestion of her book is surely that life in its highest moments is a kind of ceremony in honour of the unknown gods. "The eyelids of a Samurai," Mrs. Sugimoto tells us, "know not moisture." But the "red barbarians," who have not learned the old stoic art, may be forgiven if they feel occasionally, among her tender paragraphs, that dangerous prickling that great truth conveys.
What a lovely book it is, and how much it has to teach us. I have a secret notion that it will go on for years and years, making friends for itself and for the brave woman who wrote it, and also—this would please her most—friends for Japan. Is it not a perfect book for children to read? I don't know any collection of fairy tales more entrancing. And for parents too: is it not the subtlest kind of treatise on education? For the pure art and humour and simplicity of the narrative: where is there a more charming short story than that of Mr. Toda? A great American writer, who was in many things as far as possible from the old Samurai codes (Walt Whitman), said, "As soon as histories are properly told there is no more need of romances." This book is a history properly told. Some of us may think that Mrs. Sugimoto has been even a little too generous toward the America she adopted. But she came among us as Conrad came among the English; and if the little Etsu-bo, the well-loved tomboy of snowy winters in Echigo, finds beauty in our strange and violent ways, we can only be grateful.
Among her delicate and significant anecdotes, each a gem of artistic thought and feeling, she tells of the Japanese fiancee whose betrothed had a plum-blossom as his family crest, and therefore the young woman must pay particular honour to that flower, and could not even eat plum jelly, which would be disrespectful to the emblem of. her future husband. In the same way I feel obscurely that I must not write too much about Mrs. Sugimoto: because I honour her greatly, to write fulsomely here would be disrespectful to her beautiful book. I can only say that this story of a Japanese girlhood and of the brave child who found a seed of liberty stirring in her heart seems to me one of those rare triumphs where two diverse worlds speak openly to one another and both are profited.
One of my pleasantest memories is of a time when Mrs-Sugimoto, in her Japanese costume, accompanied as a great lady should be by her daughter and a loved companion, came far downtown in hot weather to visit me in a New York newspaper office. She felt, though surely too generously, that I had tried to be courteous; and this required, on her part, a gesture of appreciation. I have never forgotten it: her gay little figure, charming as a bird or flower in her vivid robe, brightening for a few minutes that busy, noisy place. What the expedition may have cost her, in weariness or alarm or secret distresses, I hesitate to conjecture. Only a brave and great-minded person would have ventured it. That she is brave and great minded and a true daughter of the Samurai no reader will ever doubt. How startled, I suppose, some of her knightly ancestors would be to find her putting her private thoughts on paper for all the world to see. Then indeed the shrines would be pasted up and there would be horrified silence. But it was that old, hard and feudal code that gave her strength to break through paper formalities when she felt it needful. She has given us here a unique picture of the exquisite complexity and beauty of all human life. She is a great teacher, and I would not willingly even tread on her shadow.
CHRISTOPHER MORLEY.
A DAUGHTER OF THE SAMURAI
A DAUGHTER OF THE SAMURAI
CHAPTER I
WINTERS IN ECHIGO
JAPAN is often called by foreign people a land of suit shine and cherry blossoms. This is because tourists generally visit only the eastern and southern parts of the country, where the climate is mild all the year round. On the northwest coast the winters are long, snow often covering the ground from December to March or April.
In the province of Echigo, where was my home, winter usually began with a heavy snow which came down fast and steady until only the thick, round ridge-poles of our thatched roofs could be seen. Then groups of coolies, with straw mats over their shoulders and big woven hats that looked like umbrellas, came and with broad wooden shovels cut tunnels through from one side of the street to the other. The snow was not removed from the middle of the street all winter. It lay in a long pile, towering far above the house-tops. The coolies cut steps, for they were carrying snow at intervals all winter, and we children used to climb up and run along the top. We played many games there, sometimes pretending we were knights rescuing a snow-bound village, or fierce brigands stealing upon it for an attack.
But a still more exciting time for us was before the snow came, when the entire town was making preparations for winter. This always took several weeks, and