the communist movement.
Tapol fell into three categories. Golongan A (Category A) were high-level communist planners suspected of plotting against the government. They were prosecuted. Golongan B were mid-level suspects, many of whom were jailed without trial. Golongan C were accused of sympathizing with the communists, but were not considered a serious threat. Thousands of civil servants fell into Golongan C, and were fired, passed over for promotions and transfers, or were docked pay. They were Tapol kelas teri (small fry political prisoners).
Accused communist supporters who were released from jail carried national identity cards that read ET, or Ex-Tapol. Those with an ET stamp had trouble getting jobs or bank loans.
After Suharto was ousted, successor B.J. Habibie released many tapol. The president who followed him, Abdurrahman Wahid, freed the rest.
The communist party remains banned in Indonesia, and former political prisoners still face discrimination. The Supreme Court ruled that former communists can run for office beginning in 2009.
Orde Baru
New Order.
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