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COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Common English Bible
The CEB text may be quoted and/or reprinted up to and inclusive of five hundred (500) verses without express written permission of the publisher, provided the verses quoted do not amount to a complete book of the Bible nor account for twenty-five percent (25%) of the written text of the total work in which they are quoted.
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"Scripture quotations noted CEB are taken from the Common English Bible, copyright 2011. Used by permission. All rights reserved."
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All rights reserved. No part of these materials may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, except as may be expressly permitted by the 1976 Copyright Act, the 1998 Digital Millennium Copyright Act, or in writing from the publisher. Requests for permission should be addressed to Common English Bible, P.O. Box 801, 201 Eighth Avenue South, Nashville, TN 37202-0801, or e-mailed to [email protected].
ABBREVIATIONS AND TERMS
Aram Aramaic
BCE Before the Common Era; traditionally BC: before Christ
CE Common Era; traditionally Anno Domini: year since the Lord's birth
cf compare
chap chapter
DSS Dead Sea Scrolls found at Qumran
(1QIsaa) Isaiah scroll a in Cave 1 of the Dead Sea Scrolls
(1QDeutb) Deuteronomy scroll b in Cave 1 of the Dead Sea Scrolls
(4QDeutb) Deuteronomy scroll b in Cave 4 of the Dead Sea Scrolls
(4QDeuth) Deuteronomy scroll h in Cave 4 of the Dead Sea Scrolls
(4QDeutj) Deuteronomy scroll j in Cave 4 of the Dead Sea Scrolls
(4QDeutq) Deuteronomy scroll q in Cave 4 of the Dead Sea Scrolls
(4QPhyln) Phylactery scroll n in Cave 4 of the Dead Sea Scrolls
(4QSama) Samuel scroll a in Cave 4 of the Dead Sea Scrolls
(4QSamb) Samuel scroll b in Cave 4 of the Dead Sea Scrolls
(4QSamc) Samuel scroll c in Cave 4 of the Dead Sea Scrolls
(4QTest) Testimonia in Cave 4 of the Dead Sea Scrolls
(8QMez) Mezuza scroll in Cave 8 of the Dead Sea Scrolls
(11QPsa) Psalms scroll a in Cave 11 of the Dead Sea Scrolls
Eth Ethiopic translation of 2 Esdras in the Ge'ez language
Gk Greek
Gk uncertain The meaning of the Greek text is uncertain.
Heb Hebrew
Heb uncertain The meaning of the Hebrew text is uncertain.
Josephus Ant. Works of Flavius Josephus: Antiquities of the Jews
Kethib Aramaic term meaning what is written (the written consonantal text)
Lat Latin
LXX Septuagint; Greek translation of Hebrew Bible by seventy translators
LXXA In Samuel, the Greek uncial Alexandrinus
LXXB In Samuel, the Greek uncial Vaticanus
LXXL In Samuel, Lucianic Greek manuscripts
LXXM In Samuel, the Greek uncial Coislinianus
LXXN In Samuel, the Greek uncials Basilianus and Vaticanus
LXX1 In Tobit, the Greek uncial Sinaiticus
LXX2 In Tobit, the Greek uncials Alexandrinus and Vaticanus
LXXa in Sirach the Greek uncials Sinaiticus, Alexandrinus, and Vaticanus
LXXb In Sirach the Origenic and Lucianic Greek manuscripts
MT Masoretic Text; the Hebrew Bible
NT New Testament
OL Old Latin; manuscripts in Latin prior to the Vulgate
OT Old Testament
pl plural
Qere Aramaic term meaning what is read aloud (the vocalized text)
Sam Samaritan Hebrew text of the Old Testament
Selah Musical direction of uncertain meaning found in Psalms
Sym Greek version of the Old Testament translated by Symmachus
Syr Syriac, a translation known as the Peshitta in a dialect of the Aramaic language
Tg Targum; Aramaic translation of Hebrew Bible
Vulg Vulgate; standardized Latin version of the Bible
Measures
Capacity and linear measures
ammah length of a forearm, standardized at eighteen inches; traditionally a cubit
bath a liquid measure approximately equivalent to twenty quarts
ephah a dry measure for flour or grains, approximately twenty quarts (five gallons)
etsbah length of the finger or thumb; traditionally a fingerbreadth
hin a liquid measure for wine or water, approximately one gallon
homer the largest dry measure, fifty gallons, equivalent to ten ephah
issaron one-tenth of an unknown weight; possibly an equivalent for omer
kab an unknown measure in 2 Kgs 6:25
kor a dry measure for grain, possibly equal to a homer; approximately fifty gallons as a liquid measure in Ezekiel
litra a Roman pound equal to approximately twelve ounces dry
log a liquid measure for oil in Leviticus, approximately two-thirds of a pint
metretes a liquid measure of approximately ten gallons
milion a mile; a Roman mile was 1,000 paces or approximately 4,855 feet
omer one-tenth of an ephah or two quarts dry
pechon approximately eighteen inches;