В. М. Ломов

100 великих научных достижений России


Скачать книгу

ознакомительного фрагмента.

      Текст предоставлен ООО «ЛитРес».

      Прочитайте эту книгу целиком, купив полную легальную версию на ЛитРес.

      Безопасно оплатить книгу можно банковской картой Visa, MasterCard, Maestro, со счета мобильного телефона, с платежного терминала, в салоне МТС или Связной, через PayPal, WebMoney, Яндекс.Деньги, QIWI Кошелек, бонусными картами или другим удобным Вам способом.

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