SALONICA CITY OF GHOSTS
Christians, Muslims and Jews 1430–1950
MARK MAZOWER William Collins An imprint of HarperCollinsPublishers 1 London Bridge Street London SE1 9GF This edition published by Harper Perennial 2005 First published by HarperCollinsPublishers 2004 Copyright © Mark Mazower 2004 Mark Mazower asserts the moral right to be identified as the author of this work A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. By payment of the required fees, you have been granted the nonexclusive, nontransferable right to access and read the text of this e-book on-screen. No part of this text may be reproduced, transmitted, downloaded, decompiled, reverse engineered, or stored in or introduced into any information storage and retrieval system, in any form or by any means, whether electronic or mechanical, now known or hereinafter invented, without the express written permission of HarperCollins e-books. HarperCollinsPublishers has made every reasonable effort to ensure that any picture content and written content in this ebook has been included or removed in accordance with the contractual and technological constraints in operation at the time of publication. Source ISBN: 9780007120222 Ebook Edition © MARCH 2016 ISBN: 9780007383665 Version: 2016-08-24 To Marwa
Contents
PART ONE: The Rose of Sultan Murad
1 Conquest, 1430 2 Mosques and Hamams 3 The Arrival of the Sefardim 4 Messiahs, Martyrs and Miracles 5 Janissaries and Other Plagues 6 Commerce and the Greeks 7 Pashas, Beys and Money-lenders 8 Religion in the Age of Reform PART TWO: In the Shadow of Europe 9 Travellers and the European Imagination 10 The Possibilities of a Past 11 In the Frankish Style 12 The Macedonia Question, 1878–1908 13 The Young Turk Revolution PART THREE: Making the City Greek 14 The Return of St Dimitrios 15 The First World War 16 The Great Fire 17 The Muslim Exodus 18 City of Refugees 19 Workers and the State 20 Dressing for the Tango 21 Greeks and Jews 22 Genocide 23 Aftermath
CONCLUSION: The Memory of the Dad
The topography of the Balkans.
The first map of the Ottoman city, 1882, showing the new sea frontage.
The late Ottoman city and its surroundings, c.1910.
Area destroyed by the 1917 fire.
After the fire: the 1918 Plan.
Beware of saying to them that sometimes cities follow one another on the same site and under the same name, born and dying without knowing one another, without communicating among themselves. At times even the names of the inhabitants remain the same, and their voices’ accent,
