Organization, “The State of Global Tobacco Control,” 2008, http://www.who.int/tobacco/mpower/mpower_report_global_control_2008.pdf.
107
R. A. Miller, “Extending Life: Scientific Prospects and Political Obstacles,”
108
Using a survey of 593 people that was then repeated four years later, the authors explored the role of “subjective age” (meaning how old an individual feels in contrast to his or her biological age) in shaping the process of aging. A. E. Kornadt, T. M. Hess, P. Voss, and K. Rothermund, “Subjective Age Across the Life Span: A Differentiated, Longitudinal Approach,”
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“David A. Sinclair’s Past and Present Advisory Roles, Board Positions, Funding Sources, Licensed Inventions, Investments, Funding, and Invited Talks,” Sinclair Lab, Harvard Medical School, November 15, 2018, https://genetics.med.harvard.edu/sinclair-test/people/sinclair-other.php.
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It seems likely that he had sex at least once again, as he had one daughter, Clara, with his wife, Veronica. L. Cornaro,
111
There are other translations. This comes from the edition published in Milwaukee by William F. Butler in 1903.
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A 3-year-old rat measured in terms of human lifespan would be akin to a 90-yearold human, according to a researcher quoted by the authors. One of their rats, raised on an experimental diet from 6 weeks of age, lived to 40 months, while of those rats raised on a normal diet, the oldest reached 34 months, with “less than a third of the rats in our colony … expected to live to be more than two years old.” T. B. Osborne, L. B. Mendel, and E. L. Ferry, “The Effect of Retardation of Growth upon the Breeding Period and Duration of Life of Rats,”
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I. Bjedov, J. M. Toivonen, F. Kerr, et al., “Mechanisms of Life Span Extension by Rapamycin in the Fruit Fly
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Among Kagawa’s findings on the impact of Western diets on the Japanese were significant increases in colon and lung cancer and decreases in stomach and uterine cancers, although the subjects’ food consumption was still much smaller than that of Americans or Europeans. When he looked at the residents of Okinawa, they had “the lowest total energy, sugar and salt, and the smallest physique, but had healthy longevity and the highest centenarian rate.” Y. Kagawa, “Impact of Westernization on the Nutrition of Japanese: Changes in Physique, Cancer, Longevity and Centenarians,”
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Two of the authors of the report were themselves part of the crew who elected to be locked up inside the Biosphere for two years and live on a low-calorie diet, with just 12 percent protein and 11 percent fat in terms of calorie consumption. Despite this calorie restriction and a 17±5 percent weight loss, all eight crew members were healthy and highly active during the two-year period. R. L. Walford, D. Mock, R. Verdery, and T. MacCallum, “Calorie Restriction in Biosphere 2: Alterations in Physiologic, Hematologic, Hormonal, and Biochemical Parameters in Humans Restricted for a 2-Year Period,”