7.1 Storage phosphors
7.1.1 Exercise: Number of generated photostimulable storage centers per X-ray quantum
7.1.2 Solution
7.1.3 Exercise: Wavelength of maximum photostimulability
7.1.4 Solution
7.1.5 Exercise: Crosstalk of subsequently scanned pixel
7.1.6 Solution
7.1.7 Exercise: Probability of F-center electrons to escape to the conduction band
7.1.8 Solution
7.1.9 Exercise: Schottky defect pair concentration in NaCl
7.1.10 Solution
7.2 CR scanner
7.2.1 Exercise: Diffraction limited spot size of a CR scanner
7.2.2 Solution
7.2.3 Exercise: Maximum scan speed at specific pixel size and crosstalk
7.2.4 Solution
7.2.5 Exercise: Rotational speed of a mirror and scan speed of laser beam
7.2.6 Solution
7.2.7 Exercise: Bearing play and projected beam positioning
7.2.8 Solution
7.2.9 Exercise: Readout time and efficiency of information readout
7.2.10 Solution
7.2.11 Exercise: DQE of a CR-system
7.2.12 Solution
8. COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY (CT)
8.1 Tomographic Reconstruction
8.1.1 Exercise: Number of X-ray projections and number of voxels
8.1.2 Solution
8.1.3 Exercise: Point spread function using unfiltered backprojection
8.1.4 Solution
8.1.5 Exercise: Ideal filter function in filtered backprojection
8.1.6 Solution
8.1.7 Exercise: Transmitted dose signals in real and in Fourier space
8.1.8 Solution
8.1.9 Exercise: Grid pattern of Fourier transformed absorption data
8.1.10 Solution
8.2 Instrumentation
8.2.1 Exercise: Acceleration of a rotated X-ray tube
8.2.2 Solution
8.2.3 Exercise: Data rate of a CT scanner
8.2.4 Solution
8.2.5 Exercise: Decay time of luminescence and crosstalk
8.2.6 Solution
8.2.7 Exercise: Number of angular positions of X-ray exposures and number of pixel elements in a sectional image
8.2.8 Solution
8.2.9 Exercise: Acquisition time of a tomogram and pixel rate of a CT scanner
8.2.10 Solution
8.2.11 Exercise: CT number of adipose tissue
8.2.12 Solution
8.2.13 Exercise: CT numbers of cortical bone
8.2.14 Solution
8.2.15 Exercise: CT numbers in dual Energy CT
8.2.16 Solution
8.2.17 Exercise: CT artefacts of a metal sphere
8.2.18 Solution
8.2.19 Exercise: Number of photons and electrons per absorbed X-ray
8.2.20 Solution
8.2.21 Exercise: Photodiode current in a detector element of a CT scanner
8.2.22 Solution
8.3 X-ray Dose
8.3.1 Exercise: Error of measured absorption coefficients and X-ray dose
8.3.2 Solution
9. NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
9.1 Nuclear magnetic resonance
9.1.1 Exercise: Energy levels of hydrogen nuclei in a magnetic field
9.1.2 Solution
9.1.3 Exercise: Frequency of a nuclear spin flip in a magnetic field
9.1.4 Solution
9.1.5 Exercise: Relative occupation difference of energy levels in a magnetic field
9.1.6 Solution
9.1.7 Exercise: Required field direction to induce spin flips
9.1.8 Solution
9.1.9 Exercise: Nuclear spin quantum numbers in the ground state
9.1.10 Solution
9.1.11 Exercise: Number of energy levels of nuclei in a magnetic field
9.1.12 Solution
9.1.13 Exercise: Influence of the electron shell on nuclear energy levels
9.1.14 Solution
9.1.15 Exercise: Types of nuclear spin relaxations and relaxation times
9.1.16 Solution
9.1.17 Exercise: Mechanism of contrast agents in NMR
9.1.18 Solution
9.1.19 Exercise: Decay of the transversal magnetizations after a pulse sequence
9.1.20 Solution
9.1.21 Exercise: Transversal magnetizations after different pulse sequences
9.1.22 Solution
9.1.23 Exercise: Time interval between 180° and 90° pulses to get transversal magnetization down to zero
9.1.24 Solution
9.1.25 Exercise: Spin echo signals of different tissues at a specific pulse sequence
9.1.26 Solution
9.1.27 Exercise: TR and TE values in proton density weighted MRI
9.1.28 Solution
9.2 Magnetic resonance imaging instrumentation
9.2.1 Exercise: Number of gradient coils in an MRI scanner
9.2.2 Solution
9.2.3 Exercise: Magnetic flux of MRI scanners using normally conducting electro magnets
9.2.4 Solution
9.2.5 Exercise: Waveform of the high frequency pulse to excite spins in a plane
9.2.6 Solution
9.3 Image reconstruction
9.3.1 Exercise: Relation between spin signals in real and Fourier space
9.3.2 Solution
9.3.3 Exercise: Location of the Fourier transforms of nuclear resonance signals in Fourier space
9.3.4 Solution
10. NUCLEAR MEDICAL IMAGING
10.1 Radionuclides
10.1.1 Exercise: Half-life and decrease of activity
10.1.2 Solution
10.1.3 Exercise: Amount of decays within a time period after incorporation of the radionuclide
10.1.4 Solution
10.2 Instrumentation
10.2.1 Exercise: Radius of field of a circular collimator
10.2.2 Solution
10.2.3 Exercise: Efficiencies of circular collimators
10.2.4