Louis N. Molino, Sr.

Emergency Incident Management Systems


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       Intelligence

       Planning

       Operations

       Logistics

       Public Information Management

       Welfare (CIMS, 2014)

      Another interesting concept in the Coordinated Incident Management System (CIMS, 2014) method is the integration of the community into any response. While most IMS methods suggest connecting with the community, Coordinated Incident Management System (CIMS) method goes one step further. In the Coordinated Incident Management System (CIMS) manual, it states

      Communities, organisations and businesses self‐respond to emergencies, either as part of official pre‐existing arrangements or on their own in a spontaneous or emergent manner. Response agencies need to accommodate, link with, support and coordinate community participation in response.

      Wherever possible, communities and the business sector should be appropriately incorporated in response coordination planning before incidents occur. Although CIMS is designed to apply to official response agencies, its principles can be applied at the community level where they form part of such pre‐planned structures.

      CIMS 2014, p. 13

      The Coordinated Incident Management System (CIMS, 2014) method also provides a color scheme for each general staff function being performed. This method has assigned pink for planning, dark blue for investigations, and purple for public information. This color coding would seem to be more helpful when trying to identify the functional‐based individual you may need to interact with, or ask a question of, in an incident. The Coordinated Incident Management System (CIMS) method also provides a structure to identify the lines of authority between varying governmental agencies (CIMS, 2014), and while slightly different, it uses a planning process more like the German version of DV 100.

      In looking at Coordinated Incident Management System (CIMS) using a holistic review, it more resembles the NIMS method of IMS, but it appears to be less complicated. While it may resemble NIMS, several stark differences have been revealed. Even with those differences, integration from Coordinated Incident Management System (CIMS) method to the NIMS method, or vice versa, would not be hard when an international incident occurs.

      All field actors need to be trained towards a Palestinian ICS, that has yet to be developed. Specific procedures need to be developed for how the Incident Commander will provide information up the chain to report on the situation on the ground and on how to request for assistance. During a major disaster, such as a significant earthquake, it is likely that resources will be scarce, and those dispatching resources to different areas will have to prioritize, based on the information coming from the ground. Any requests for international assistance will be based on information from the field and their ability to handle the situation.

      UNDP 2017, p. 46

      Interestingly enough, it appears as if the use of the ICS method was introduced into the Palestinian Prison System in September of 2013 (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime [UNODC], 2013). What makes this noteworthy is first responders (e.g. fire, Emergency Medical Services [EMS], law enforcement) are just now beginning to develop an IMS or ICS method, but the prison system has been utilizing an ICS method for over five years. While extensive research was done, there was no mention of a Hospital Incident Command System (HICS) method being in place in Palestine.

      In 2010, a law was passed in the Philippines that required the Office of Civil Defense to create standard operating procedures for managing incidents. In Rule No. 7 of Republic Act 10121 (2010), the law mandated that the Office of Civil Defense was to establish ICS as part of the Philippines' on‐scene disaster response system. In September 2012, the president of the Philippines signed Executive Order No. 82, which stated the activation of the ICS method during all human‐induced crisis (National Disaster Response Plan [NDRP], 2016).

      As part of setting the guidelines for the use of the ICS method, the Office of Civil Defense created the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC), formerly known as the National Disaster Coordinating Council (NDCC), is a working group of various government, nongovernment, civil sector, and private sector organizations of the Government of the Republic of the Philippines established by Republic Act 10121 of 2009. It is administered by the Office of Civil Defense under the Department of National Defense. The council is responsible for ensuring the protection and welfare of the people during disasters or emergencies (NDRP, 2016).

      Russia is a country that rarely shares all of the information about how they operate. It should be no surprise that only a small amount of information is known about how they manage incidents such as natural disasters and terrorist attacks. From research, it was found that the Russian government utilizes the military for the vast majority of emergency services. A military type of Command and Control system and also a Unified Emergency Prevention and Response State System (RSChS) as well as the Emergency Control Ministry (EMERCOM) are used in Russia.

      After the 1988 Armenian earthquake and the Chernobyl disaster, a directive decision was made by the Presidium of the Supreme Council of Russian Socialist Soviet Republic. This directive essentially led to the formation of the Russian Rescue Corps, the predecessor of the current system: The Ministry for the Affairs of Civil Defence, Emergency Situations and Disaster Relief, Russian President Boris Yeltsin established the Ministry of the Russian Federation for Affairs for Civil Defence, Emergencies and Elimination of Consequences of Natural Disasters. After the formation, this became known as the Ministry of Emergency Situations. It was also called the Emergency Control Ministry or EMERCOM. In 2002, the Russian State Fire Service, which was originally the National Fire service, also became part of the Emergency Control Ministry (State Committee for Civil Defence, 2009). While local police, fire, and EMS handled daily problems, EMERCOM essentially