N, Sen S. 2000. Unilateral salpingitis due to Enterobius vermicularis. Int J Gynecol Pathol 19:188–189. PMID 10782420
6. Ok YZ, Ertan P, Limoncu E, Ece A, Ozbakkaloglu B. 1999. Relationship between pinworm and urinary tract infections in young girls. APMIS 107:474–476. PMID 10335951
7. Reipen J, Becker C, William M, Hennerlein B, Friedrich M, Salehin D. 2012. Peritoneal enterobiasis causing endometriosis-like symptoms. Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol 39:379–381. PMID 23157050
8. Garcia LS (ed). 2010. Clinical Microbiology Procedures Handbook, 3rd ed. ASM Press, Washington, DC.
9. Liu LX, Chi J, Upton MP, Ash LR. 1995. Eosinophilic colitis associated with larvae of the pinworm Enterobius vermicularis. Lancet 346:410–412. PMID 7623572
10. Brooke MM, Melvin D. 1969. Morphology of Diagnostic Stages of Intestinal Parasites of Man. US Department of Health, Education, and Welfare publication (HSM) 72-8116. US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.
11. Arkoulis N, Zerbinis H, Simatos G, Nisiotis A. 2012. Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm) infection of the liver mimicking malignancy: presentation of a new case and review of the literature. Int J Surg Case Rep 3:6–9. PMID 22288029
12. Roberts KJ, Hubscher S, Mangat K, Sutcliffe R, Marudanayagam R. 2012. Pinworm infection masquerading as colorectal liver metastasis. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 94:195–197. PMID 22943320
13. Garcia LS. 2009. Practical Guide to Diagnostic Medical Parasitology, 2nd ed. ASM Press, Washington, DC.
14. Graham CF. 1941. A device for the diagnosis of Enterobius infection. Am J Trop Med 21:159–161.
15. Melvin DM, Brooke MM. 1974. Laboratory Procedures for the Diagnosis of Intestinal Parasites. US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.
16. Beal CB, Viens P, Grant RGL, Hughes JM. 1970. A new technique for sampling duodenal contents: demonstration of upper small-bowel pathogens. Am J Trop Med Hyg 19:349–352. PMID 5443084
17. Blake DR, Duggan A, Joffe A. 1999. Use of spun urine to enhance detection of Trichomonas vaginalis in adolescent women. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 153:1222–1225. PMID 10591297
18. Joyner J, Douglas JM Jr, Ragsdale S, Foster M, Judson FN. 2000. Comparative prevalence of infection with Trichomonas vaginalis among men attending a sexually transmitted diseases clinic. Sex Transm Dis 27:236–240. PMID 10782747
19. Beal C, Goldsmith R, Kotby M, Sherif M, El-Tagi A, Farid A, Zakaria S, Eapen J. 1992. The plastic envelope method, a simplified technique for culture diagnosis of trichomoniasis. J Clin Microbiol 30:2265–2268. PMID 1400989
20. Borchardt KA. 1994. Trichomoniasis: its clinical significance and diagnostic challenges. Am Clin Lab 13:20–21. PMID 10163483
21. Borchardt KA, Smith RF. 1991. An evaluation of an InPouch™ TV culture method for diagnosing Trichomonas vaginalis infection. Genitourin Med 67:149–152. PMID 2032710
22. Perl G. 1972. Errors in the diagnosis of Trichomonas vaginalis infection. Obstet Gynecol 39:7–9. PMID 4536652
23. Chang TH, Tsing SY, Tzang S. 1986. Monoclonal antibodies against Trichomonas vaginalis. Hybridoma 5:43–51. PMID 3514432
24. Huppert JS, Mortensen JE, Reed JL, Kahn JA, Rich KD, Miller WC, Hobbs MM. 2007. Rapid antigen testing compares favorably with transcription-mediated amplification assay for the detection of Trichomonas vaginalis in young women. Clin Infect Dis 45:194–198. PMID 17578778
25. Hegazy MM, El-Tantawy NL, Soliman MM, El-Sadeek ES, El-Nagar HS. 2012. Performance of rapid immunochromatographic assay in the diagnosis of Trichomoniasis vaginalis. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 74:49–53. PMID 22727836
26. Beverly AL, Venglarik M, Cotton B, Schwebke JR. 1999. Viability of Trichomonas vaginalis in transport medium. J Clin Microbiol 37:3749–3750. PMID 10523592
27. Heine RP, Wiesenfeld HC, Sweet RL, Witkin SS. 1997. Polymerase chain reaction analysis of distal vaginal specimens: a less invasive strategy for detection of Trichomonas vaginalis. Clin Infect Dis 24:985–987. PMID 9142807
28. Paterson BA, Tabrizi SN, Garland SM, Fairley CK, Bowden FJ. 1998. The tampon test for trichomoniasis: a comparison between conventional methods and a polymerase chain reaction for Trichomonas vaginalis in women. Sex Transm Infect 74:136–139. PMID 9634327
29. van der Schee C, van Belkum A, Zwijgers L, van Der Brugge E, O’Neill EL, Luijendijk A, van Rijsoort-Vos T, van der Meijden WI, Verbruch H, Sluiters HJ. 1999. Improved diagnosis of Trichomonas vaginalis infection by PCR using vaginal swabs and urine specimens compared to diagnosis by wet mount microscopy, culture and fluorescent staining. J Clin Microbiol 37:4127–4130. PMID 10565943
30. Ginocchio CC, Chapin K, Smith JS, Aslanzadeh J, Snook J, Hill CS, Gaydos CA. 2012. Prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis and coinfection with Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in the United States as determined by the Aptima Trichomonas vaginalis nucleic acid amplification assay. J Clin Microbiol 50:2601–2608. PMID 22622447
31. Markell EK, Voge M. 1992. Medical Parasitology, 7th ed. The W B Saunders Co., Philadelphia, PA.
32. Peters PA, Mahmoud AAF, Warren KS, Ouma JH, Arap Siongok TK. 1976. Field studies of a rapid accurate means of quantifying Schistosoma haematobium eggs in urine samples. Bull WHO 54:159–162. PMID 1088097
33. Feldmeier H, Bienzle U, Dietrich M, Sievertsen HJ. 1979. Combination of a viability test and a quantification method for Schistosoma haematobium eggs (filtration—trypan blue staining-technique). Tropenmed Parasitol 30:417–422. PMID 94193
34. Palmer J. 1991. Letter. Clin Microbiol Newsl 13:39–40.
| 6 | Sputum, Aspirates, and Biopsy Material |
|
Expectorated sputum
|