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The ESD Control Program Handbook
Jeremy M Smallwood
Electrostatic Solutions Ltd
Southampton, UK
Copyright
This edition first published 2020
© 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by law. Advice on how to obtain permission to reuse material from this title is available at http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions.
The right of Jeremy M Smallwood to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted in accordance with law.
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In view of ongoing research, equipment modifications, changes in governmental regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to the use of experimental reagents, equipment, and devices, the reader is urged to review and evaluate the information provided in the package insert or instructions for each chemical, piece of equipment, reagent, or device for, among other things, any changes in the instructions or indication of usage and for added warnings and precautions. While the publisher and authors have used their best efforts in preparing this work, they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this work and specifically disclaim all warranties, including without limitation any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by sales representatives, written sales materials or promotional statements for this work. The fact that an organization, website, or product is referred to in this work as a citation and/or potential source of further information does not mean that the publisher and authors endorse the information or services the organization, website, or product may provide or recommendations it may make. This work is sold with the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering professional services. The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for your situation. You should consult with a specialist where appropriate. Further, readers should be aware that websites listed in this work may have changed or disappeared between when this work was written and when it is read. Neither the publisher nor authors shall be liable for any loss of profit or any other commercial damages, including but not limited to special, incidental, consequential, or other damages.
Library of Congress Cataloging‐in‐Publication Data
Names: Smallwood, J. M. (Jeremy M.), author.
Title: The ESD control program handbook / Jeremy M Smallwood, Electrostatic
Solutions Ltd, Southampton, UK.
Description: First edition. | Hoboken, NJ : John Wiley & Sons, Inc., [2020]
| Series: IEEE | Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2020006384 (print) | LCCN 2020006385 (ebook) | ISBN
9781118311035 (hardback) | ISBN 9781118694572 (adobe pdf) | ISBN
9781118694558 (epub)
Subjects: LCSH: Electronic apparatus and appliances–Protection. | Electric
discharges. | Electrostatics.
Classification: LCC TK7870 .S5265 2020 (print) | LCC TK7870 (ebook) | DDC
621.381/044–dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020006384
LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020006385
Cover Design: Wiley
Cover Image: © pinging/Getty Images
To Jan, who has often put up with my grumpy non‐communication while I've been writing this book. To Alia, now making her own life journey. To Caroline, who tragically died so young.
To the subject of electrostatics and ESD, that has kept me occupied, perplexed and challenged for many hours.
To the many people who have attended my courses and asked so many awkward questions that helped me understand while trying to explain. To my fellow ESD practitioners whose opinions and expertise give us many interesting, and sometimes heated, debates – and who mainly agree the answer to most electrostatic questions is – “it depends.”
Introduction
Electrostatic discharge (ESD) can damage or destroy many types of modern electronic components, or modules or assemblies containing electrostatic discharge–susceptible (ESDS) components.
In electronics manufacturing, sensitivity to ESD became a general concern after the adoption of metal‐oxide‐semiconductor (MOS) transistor technology exacerbated by decreasing internal physical size of semiconductor component features and the rise of integrated circuits (ICs). The first Electrical Overstress/Electrostatic Discharge Symposium in the USA was organized in 1979 (Reliability Analysis Center 1979). The 1980 Symposium (Reliability Analysis Center 1980) shows papers on topics as diverse as theory and practice, device failure analysis studies, failure mechanisms and modeling, design of device protective networks, and implementing ESD controls, facility evaluation and effective training. Standards and technical handbooks also emerged around this