Introduction to Energy, Renewable Energy and Electrical Engineering. Ewald F. Fuchs

primary current through winding/phase Csecondary current through winding/phase asecondary current through winding/phase bsecondary current through winding/phase cprimary phasor currentmagnitude of phasor current in primary windingcore‐loss phasor currentexcitation phasor currentmagnetizing phasor currentsecondary phasor current referred to primary side of transformer phasor load current of single‐phase transformer referred to secondary sidephasor load current of single‐phase transformer referred to primary sideis(t)secondary current as a function of timeIinverter, integral, inductance, current, DC currentphasor current of secondary winding 2phasor conjugate (*) current of secondary circuitphasor source current of primary circuitsecondary phasor current of transformer referred to primary sidemagnitude of secondary phasor current of transformer referred to primary sidephasor capacitor current of transformer referred to primary sidephasor current through core‐loss resistance Rc of transformerphasor input current of primary circuitphasor output current of secondary circuiti(t)current as a function of timei1(t)primary current as a function of time functioni2(t)secondary current as a function of time functioni2current in secondary winding 2i1current in primary winding 1phasor current in primary winding 1IDCDC currentIinDC current inside of round wire up to radius rinIocurrent i(t) at t = 0component current of component current of ∞symbol for infinityICEinternal combustion engineininputIMinduction or asynchronous machineImindicates imaginary part of a complex numberabsolute value or magnitude of phasor IMamplitude of time function i(t)IMinduction motor/machineIGBTinsulated‐gate bipolar transistorincandescentEdison‐type light bulbcomplex conjugate of

J

      jcomplex number operator indicating imaginary part of phasor, unit component of (i, j, k) rectangular systemjωLreactive impedance of inductance LjωL1reactive impedance of self‐inductance L1jωL2reactive impedance of self‐inductance L2jωMreactive impedance of mutual inductance MJAZJahresarbeitszahl (German for seasonal performance factor of heat pump)Junit of energy joulescurrent density

K

      kunit component of (i, j, k) rectangular system, coupling coefficient of two windings/coils, kilo, Boltzmann constantkrad/skilo radians per second(keΦ)field flux of DC machineK1constantK2constantKCLKirchhoff’s current lawKVLKirchhoff’s voltage lawkVAkilovolt‐amperekgkilogram is unit of masskg‐forcekilogram‐force is unit of weightKkelvin

L

lleakagelxluxlengthcoreiron‐core lengthlimitsymbol for limiter or limit operationlengthtotal length of turnLlighting, lower, line, symbol for inductanceLaarmature inductance of DC machineLsself‐inductanceLmmutual inductanceLPlow passLVlow voltageL11self‐inductance of primary winding 1L12mutual inductance between winding 1 and winding 2L21mutual inductance between winding 2 and winding 1L22self‐inductance of secondary winding 2L1self‐inductance of primary winding 1 when L1 = L11L2self‐inductance of secondary winding 1 when L2= L22lciron‐core lengthLEDlight‐emitting diodeℓleakage, general subscript for vector potential Aℓℓcorecore lengthℓgair‐gap lengthlagginglagging power factor (e.g. current lags voltage)leadingleading power factor (e.g. current leads voltage)lblibrum (Latin for pound)L‐Lline‐to‐lineL‐Lsecondary_rmssecondary line‐to‐line root‐mean‐square valuelightinglighting parameterlighting_rmsrms value of lighting parameter (e.g. voltage)lmlumenloadoldindicates load (load) before (old) power factor correctionloadnewindicates load (load) after (new) power factor correctionLHSleft‐hand sideLmmutual/magnetizing inductance of T‐equivalent circuitLℓpleakage inductance of primary windingleakage inductance of secondary winding referred to primary side of transformerLNGliquid natural gasLPGliquid petroleum gas, propaneλflux linkages

M

      mmilli, mechanical, magnet, unit of meter, magnetizing, motor, slope of a linear functionMmutual inductance if L12 = L21 = M, stands for main power system, megammfmagnetomotive forceM(ω)magnitude of phasor transfer function G(jω) as a function of angular velocity or angular frequency ωMATLABsoftware of the US American company MathWorks for the solution of mathematic problemsmaxmaximummicro10−6milli10−3msmillisecondsmHmillihenriesmVmillivoltsmAmilliampereMHDmagneto‐hydro dynamicMKSAmeter‐kilogram‐second‐ampere system of unitsMKSAKmeter‐kilogram‐second‐ampere‐kelvin system of unitsmmfmagnetomotive forceMOSmetal‐oxide semiconductorMOSFETmetal–oxide–semiconductor field‐effect transistorMPPmaximum power pointMWmegawattMVAmegavolt‐ampereμpermeability of (magnetic) material, 10−6μ = 4π10−7 H/mpermeability of free spaceμrrelative permeability of (magnetic) material

N

nneutral, running index, ±1, ± 2, ± 3, …nsneural point of secondary winding connected in wyenpneural point of primary winding connected in wyenmmechanical speednloadneural point of wye‐connected loadnano10−9Nnorth (pole), neutral, Norton, running index, subscript for numerator, number of turnsN(jω)numerator of transfer function G(jω)N1number of turns of primary winding (1) of transformerN2number of turns of secondary winding (2) of transformerNpprimary number of turns of transformerNssecondary number of turns of transformerNInoninverting configuration of operational