The 1990 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

Country: Cuba

       - Geography

       Total area: 110,860 km2; land area: 110,860 km2

      Comparative area: slightly smaller than Pennsylvania

      Land boundary: 29.1 km with US Naval Base at Guantanamo; note—Guantanamo is leased and as such remains part of Cuba

      Coastline: 3,735 km

      Maritime claims:

      Extended economic zone: 200 nm;

      Territorial sea: 12 nm

      Disputes: US Naval Base at Guantanamo is leased to US and only mutual agreement or US abandonment of the area can terminate the lease

      Climate: tropical; moderated by trade winds; dry season (November to

       April); rainy season (May to October)

      Terrain: mostly flat to rolling plains with rugged hills and mountains in the southeast

      Natural resources: cobalt, nickel, iron ore, copper, manganese, salt, timber, silica

      Land use: 23% arable land; 6% permanent crops; 23% meadows and pastures; 17% forest and woodland; 31% other; includes 10% irrigated

      Environment: averages one hurricane every other year

      Note: largest country in Caribbean; 145 km south of Florida

      - People

       Population: 10,620,099 (July 1990), growth rate 1.1% (1990)

      Birth rate: 18 births/1,000 population (1990)

      Death rate: 7 deaths/1,000 population (1990)

      Net migration rate: - 1 migrant/1,000 population (1990)

      Infant mortality rate: 12 deaths/1,000 live births (1990)

      Life expectancy at birth: 73 years male, 78 years female (1990)

      Total fertility rate: 1.9 children born/woman (1990)

      Nationality: noun—Cuban(s); adjective—Cuban

      Ethnic divisions: 51% mulatto, 37% white, 11% black, 1% Chinese

      Religion: at least 85% nominally Roman Catholic before Castro assumed power

      Language: Spanish

      Literacy: 98.5%

      Labor force: 3,400,000 in state sector; 30% services and government, 22% industry, 20% agriculture, 11% commerce, 10% construction, 7% transportation and communications (1988); economically active population 4,500,000 (1987)

      Organized labor: Workers Central Union of Cuba (CTC), only labor federation approved by government; 2,910,000 members; the CTC is an umbrella organization composed of 17 member unions

      - Government

       Long-form name: Republic of Cuba

      Type: Communist state

      Capital: Havana

      Administrative divisions: 14 provinces (provincias, singular—provincia)

       and 1 special municipality* (municipio especial); Camaguey, Ciego de Avila,

       Cienfuegos, Ciudad de La Habana, Granma, Guantanamo, Holguin,

       Isla de la Juventud*, La Habana, Las Tunas, Matanzas, Pinar del Rio,

       Sancti Spiritus, Santiago de Cuba, Villa Clara

      Independence: 20 May 1902 (from Spain 10 December 1898; administered by the US from 1898 to 1902)

      Constitution: 24 February 1976

      Legal system: based on Spanish and American law, with large elements of

       Communist legal theory; does not accept compulsory ICJ jurisdiction