reinforcement were used to teach communication skills.
27 Address Problem Solving (27)The client was asked to identify conflicts that can be addressed through problem-solving techniques.The family members were asked to give input about conflicts that could be addressed with problem-solving techniques.The client and family arrived at a list of conflicts that could be addressed with problem-solving techniques.
28 Teach Problem-Solving Skills (28)Behavioral techniques such as education, modeling, role-playing, corrective feedback, and positive reinforcement were used to teach the client and family problem-solving skills.Specific problem-solving skills were taught to the family, including defining the problem constructively and specifically, brainstorming options, evaluating options, choosing options, implementing a plan, evaluating the results, and reevaluating the plan.Family members were asked to use the problem-solving skills on specific situations.The family was reinforced for positive use of problem-solving skills.The family was redirected for failures to properly use problem-solving skills.
29 Assign Problem-Solving Homework (29)The client and family were assigned to use newly learned problem-solving skills and record their use.The client and family were assigned “Plan Before Acting” in the Adult Psychotherapy Homework Planner (Jongsma).The client and family were assigned “Problem Solving: An Alternative to Impulsive Action” in the Adult Psychotherapy Homework Planner (Jongsma).The results of the family members' use of problem-solving skills were reviewed within the session.
30 Develop Relapse Drill (30)The client and family were assisted in drawing up a “relapse drill,” detailing roles and responsibilities.Family members were asked to take responsibility for specific roles (e.g. who will call a meeting of the family to problem-solve potential relapse; who will call the physician, schedule a serum level, or contact emergency services, if needed).Obstacles to providing family support to the client's potential relapse were reviewed and problem-solved.The family was asked to make a commitment to adherence to the plan.The family was reinforced for their commitment to adherence to the plan.The family has not developed a clear commitment to the relapse prevention plan and was redirected in this area.
31 Use Cognitive Therapy Techniques (31)Cognitive therapy techniques were used to assess, challenge, and change cognitive biases that trigger his/her/their elevated or depressive mood.The client was reinforced for his/her/their greater insight into his/her/their cognitive biases.
32 Assign Homework on Cognitive Biases (32)The client was assigned homework exercises in which he/she/they identified cognitive biases in appraising self, others, and the environment.The client was assigned “Journal and Replace Self-Defeating Thoughts” in the Adult Psychotherapy Homework Planner (Jongsma).The client was assisted in reviewing his/her/their insight regarding cognitive biases, and his/her/their successes were reinforced.The client was provided with corrective feedback toward improvement of his/her/their understanding of cognitive biases and alternatives.
33 Teach Coping and Relapse Prevention Skills (33)The client was taught coping and relapse prevention skills via cognitive-behavioral techniques.The client was taught about delaying impulsive actions, structuring and scheduling daily activities, keeping a regular sleep routine, avoiding unrealistic goals striving, and using relaxation procedures.The client was taught about identifying and avoiding episode triggers.
34 Conduct Interpersonal and Social Rhythm Therapy (34)An assessment was conducted of the client's daily activities using an interview and the social rhythm metric.Information from the interview and social rhythm metric helped to conduct interpersonal and social rhythm therapy.
35 Establish Routine Daily Activities (35)The client was assisted in establishing a more routine pattern of daily activities.The client was assigned “Identify and Schedule Pleasant Activities” in the Adult Psychotherapy Homework Planner (Jongsma).The client was assisted in identifying a routine pattern of sleeping, eating, solitary and social activities, and exercise.A form was developed to help review and schedule activities.An emphasis was placed on creating a predictable rhythm for each day.
36 Teach About Sleep Hygiene Importance (36)The client was taught about the importance of good sleep hygiene.The client was assigned the “Sleep Pattern Record” from the Adult Psychotherapy Homework Planner (Jongsma).The client's sleep pattern was routinely assessed.Interventions for the client's sleep pattern were provided, as he/she/they have been noted to have a dysfunctional sleep pattern.
37 Engage in Behavioral Activation (37)The client was engaged in “behavioral activation” by scheduling activities that have a high likelihood for pleasure and mastery.The client was directed to complete tasks from the “Identify and Schedule Pleasant Events” assignment from the Adult Psychotherapy Homework Planner (Jongsma).Rehearsal, role-playing, role reversal, and other techniques were used to engage the client in behavioral activation.The client was reinforced for his/her/their successes in scheduling activities that have a high likelihood for pleasure and mastery.The client has not engaged in pleasurable activities and was redirected to do so.
38 Conduct Interpersonal Portion of Therapy (38)The interpersonal component of the interpersonal and social rhythm therapy techniques was initiated.An assessment was completed of the client's current past significant relationships, including themes related to grief, interpersonal role disputes, role transitions, and skill deficits.The client was supported as he/she/they reviewed concerns related to interpersonal relationships.
39 Use Interpersonal Therapy Techniques to Resolve Interpersonal Problems (39)Interpersonal therapy techniques were used to explore and resolve issues surrounding grief, role disputes, and role transitions.The client was provided with direction and training in regard to skill deficits.Support and strategies for resolving identified interpersonal issues were provided.
40 Establish a Rescue Protocol (40)A rescue protocol was developed, in order to identify and manage clinical deterioration.Specific factors that would trigger the rescue protocol were identified.Specific factors of the rescue protocol were developed, including medication use, sleep pattern restoration, daily routine, and conflict-free social support.The client was provided with “Keeping a Daily Rhythm” in the Adult Psychotherapy Homework Planner (Jongsma).The client and significant others were reinforced for their use of the rescue protocol.The client and significant others were redirected in regard to the use of the rescue protocol.
41 Schedule “Maintenance Sessions” (41)The client was scheduled for a “maintenance session” between 1 and 3 months after therapy ends.The client was advised to contact the therapist if he/she/they need to be seen prior to the “maintenance session.”The client's “maintenance session” was held and he/she/they were reinforced for his/her/their successful implementation of therapy techniques.The client's “maintenance session” was held and he/she/they were coordinated for further treatment, as his/her/their progress has not been sustained.
42 Assign Reading on Bipolar Disorder (42)The client was assigned to read a book on bipolar disorder.The client was assigned to read The Bipolar Disorder Survival Guide (Miklowitz).The client was assigned to read The Bipolar Disorder Workbook (Forester and Gregory).The client was assigned to read Bipolar 101 (White and Preston).The client has read the assigned information on bipolar disorder and key concepts were reviewed.The client has not read the assigned information on bipolar disorder and was redirected to do so.
43 Pledge Support (43)The client was reassured on a regular basis that the therapist would be available to consistently listen to and support him/her/them.The client reacted favorably to the therapist's pledge of support and has begun to show trust in the relationship by sharing thoughts and feelings.
44 Explore Abandonment Fears (44)The client's fear of abandonment by sources of love and nurturance was explored.Active listening skills were used as the client confirmed that he/she/they struggle with the fear that those who have provided love and nurturance to him/her/them will eventually abandon him/her/them.The client denied any fear of abandonment by sources of love and nurturance; he/she/they were urged to monitor this on an as-needed basis.
45 Differentiate Losses (45)The client was helped to differentiate between real and imagined, as well as actual and exaggerated, losses.The client was supported as he/she/they verbalized grief, fear, and anger regarding real or imagined losses in life.The client was helped to make a differentiation between his/her/their real and imagined losses,