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Unveiling Diabetes - Historical Milestones in Diabetology


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cinnamon, manna, tamarind, licorice, elderberry bark, broom leaves, iris, sea kale), generous wines (“excellent those from the Rhine”), baths, and spas (Fig. 7) [16]. The supreme remedy, for over the next 2 centuries, remained opium. The results were, alas, awful:

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      “Vannella Moriconi, a very wise and very noble woman, having suffered long from diabetes and being tormented by a ferocious lust for drinking, lacked any strength but without fever, she died almost without realizing it.

      Domitilla Arnolfini, a very noble young woman, even though she enjoyed a blossoming of life which she had been used to leading in health, concluded her life in a high fever for several months before and could not avoid dying of diabetes.”

      On the other hand, Francesco Arma (1550) of Chivasso, near Turin, physician to Duke Emanuele Filiberto of Savoy, boasted his success on “Domino Joanne Maria de Contino” after “septem grana” of pepper.

      Sweet Urine

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      “… The diet to consist of animal food principally and to be thus regulated:

      Breakfast. One and a half pints of milk and half a pint of lime-water, mixed together; and bread and butter.

      Noon. Plain blood puddings, made of blood and suet only.

      Dinner. Game, or old meats, which have been long kept; and as far as the stomach may bear, fat and rancid old meats, as pork. To eat in moderation.

      Supper. The same as breakfast.”

      Meredith was militarily abiding, and did improve. Others, including a general, were not so lenient. Rollo, a Scotsman, published mostly on matters of military medicine and also in support of Edward Jenner’s vaccination (Medical Report on Cases of Inoculation, 1804).

      Sweet Blood

      The Pancreas and Diabetes