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AI and IoT-Based Intelligent Automation in Robotics


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connectivity between robots to perform tasks effectively. The combination of AI, IoT and robotics helps to make robots or automatic weapons which can destroy the enemy within a second without losing a single life from our side. To understand the role of AI in robotics first we have to understand the difference between an autonomous system and an automated system. Automated systems are based on computer reasoning that uses clear if–then rules, which are rule-based and return a fixed output for each input. An autonomous system will not return a fixed output for each input, it collects the data through sensors, analyzes the situation, and then takes the decision on action. Its action can vary from situation by situation. All autonomous systems that interact with the world will construct a database which stores arange of behaviors and continuously maintains it.

      Humans are always searching for new kinds of weapons for warfare. They have always made weapons based on the current technology, availability of resources, etc. Humans made their first weapon, called a spear, in 400,000 BC in a part of Germany between 40,000 to 25,000 BC and they developed a flexible dot in Northern Africa which can kill a deer in a 40-meter range. Arrows and bows were developed in 20000 BC, with some believing they were developed much earlier, pointing to a 60000 BC old stone that may or may not have an arrowhead.

Photo depicts the journey of weapons in warfare.

      China and the United State have emerged as leaders in the field of artificial intelligence and they are trying to do the same for the field of Robotics. The world’s current capabilities in the field of robotics are reviewed below.

      3.3.1 China

Photo depicts warrior, the first Chinese patient robot.

      Dr. Cameran Ashraf, an assistant professor at Central European University who researches the geopolitics of internet censorship and cyberwar, said in The Defense Post that “China is very likely to remain highly competitive in the AI space by 2030, and barring substantial geopolitical instability will be a global leader in AI and cyber warfare” [15].

      3.3.2 United State of America

      The United States government is providing billions of dollars to get ready for the following stage of warfare that it believes is going to be defined by advances in AI. Ideas like drone motherships releasing little baby drones from the air and the sea, infantrymen and women sporting exoskeletons and wearable electronics loaded up with combat apps, and lone mission commanders directing swarms of remote-controlled vessels to carryout operations are areas that are already being tested at MIT’s Computer Science and AI Laboratory [18]. On May 3, 2016, the US Administration announced that it will establish a new National Science and Technology Council (NSTC) Subcommittee on Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning responsible for helping coordinate Federal activity on AI. This Subcommittee directed the Subcommittee on Networking and Information Technology Research and Development (NITRD) to create a National Artificial Intelligence Research and Development Strategic Plan. A NITRD Task Force on Artificial Intelligence was then formed which outlined the Federal strategic priorities for AI research and development, with explicit attention on areas of national security that industry is unlikely to handle [18].

Schematic illustration of armed robots being developed for U.S. armed forces.

      3.3.3 Russia

      The United States and China are busy competing with each other to become the leader in the field of artificial intelligence. The Russian government also understands the importance of robotics in warfare. Nobody would call Russia’s administration and budgetary organization especially deft, nor its protection industry especially developed. Without a doubt, Russia trails the Western economies in such key areas as correspondence hardware, microelectronics,