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The Esophagus


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1995; 164:900.

      82 82 Robbins AH, Hermos JA, Schimmel EM, et al. The columnar‐lined esophagus: analysis of 26 cases. Radiology 1977; 123:1–7.

      83 83 Levine MS, Kressel HY, Caroline DF, et al. Barrett esophagus: reticular pattern of the mucosa. Radiology 1983; 147:663–667.

      84 84 Chen YM, Gelfand DW, Ott DJ, et al. Barrett esophagus as an extension of severe esophagitis: analysis of radiologic signs in 29 cases. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1985; 145:275–281.

      85 85 Gilchrist AM, Levine MS, Carr RF, et al. Barrett’s esophagus: diagnosis by double‐contrast esophagography. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1988; 150:97–102.

      86 86 Gefter WB, Laufer I, Edell S, et al. Candidiasis in the obstructed esophagus. Radiology 1981; 138:25–28.

      87 87 Sam JW, Levine MS, Rubesin SE, et al. The “foamy” esophagus: a radiographic sign of Candida esophagitis. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2000; 174:999–1002.

      88 88 Levine MS, Macones AJ, Laufer I. Candida esophagitis: accuracy of radiographic diagnosis. Radiology 1985; 154:581–587.

      89 89 Vahey TN, Maglinte DDT, Chernish SM. State‐of‐the‐art barium examination in opportunistic esophagitis. Dig Dis Sci 1986; 31:1192–1195.

      90 90 Levine MS, Woldenberg R, Herlinger H, et al. Opportunistic esophagitis in AIDS: radiographic diagnosis. Radiology 1987; 165:815–820.

      91 91 Shortsleeve MJ, Levine MS. Herpes esophagitis in otherwise healthy patients: clinical and radiographic findings. Radiology 1992; 182:859–861.

      92 92 Levine MS, Laufer I, Kressel HY, et al. Herpes esophagitis. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1981; 136:863–866.

      93 93 Levine MS, Loevner LA, Saul SH, et al. Herpes esophagitis: sensitivity of double‐contrast esophagography. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1988; 151:57–62.

      94 94 Balthazar EM, Megibow AJ, Hulnick D, et al. Cytomegalovirus esophagitis in AIDS: radiographic features in 16 patients. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1987; 149:919–923.

      95 95 Levine MS, Loercher G, Katzka DA, et al. Giant, human immunodeficiency virus‐related ulcers in the esophagus. Radiology 1991; 180:320–323.

      96 96 Sor S, Levine MS, Kowalski TE, et al. Giant ulcers of the esophagus in patients with human immunodeficiency virus: clinical, radiographic, and pathologic findings. Radiology 1995; 194:447–451.

      97 97 Kikendall JW, Friedman AC, Oyewole MA, et al. Pill‐induced esophageal injury: case reports and review of the medical literature. Dig Dis Sci 1983; 28:174–182.

      98 98 Creteur V, Laufer I, Kressel HY, et al. Drug‐induced esophagitis detected by double contrast radiography. Radiology 1983; 147:365–368.

      99 99 Bova JG, Dutton NE, Goldstein HM, et al. Medication‐induced esophagitis: diagnosis by double‐contrast esophagography. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1987; 148:731–732.

      100 100 Teplick JG, Teplick SK, OMinsky SH, et al. Esophagitis caused by oral medication. Radiology 1980; 134:23–25.

      101 101 Ryan JM, Kelsey P, Ryan BM, et al. Alendronate‐induced esophagitis: case report of a recently recognized form of severe esophagitis with esophageal stricture‐radiographic features. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1998; 206:389–391.

      102 102 Fox VL, Nurko S, Furuta GT. Eosinophilic esophagitis: it’s not just kid’s stuff. Gastrointest Endosc 2002; 56:260–270.

      103 103 Munitiz V, Martinez de Haro LF, Ortiz A, et al. Primary eosinophilic esophagitis. Dis Esophagus 2003; 16:165–168.

      104 104 Zimmerman SL, Levine MS, Rubesin SE, et al. Idiopathic eosinophilic esophagitis in adults: the ringed esophagus. Radiology 2005; 236:159–165.

      105 105 White SB, Levine MS, Rubesin SE, et al. The small‐caliber esophagus: a radiographic sign of eosinophilic esophagitis. Radiology 2010; 256:127–134.

      106 106 Westbrook R, Riley S. Esophageal lichen planus: case report and literature review. Dysphagia 2008; 23:331–334.

      107 107 Katzka DA, Smyrk TC, Bruce AJ, et al. Variations in presentation of esophageal involvement in lichen planus. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2010; 8:777–782.

      108 108 Rauschecker AM, Levine MS, Whitson MJ, et al. Esophageal lichen planus: clinical and radiographic findings in eight patients. AJR 2017; 208:101–106.

      109 109 Ukleja A, DeVault KR, Stark ME, et al. Lichen planus involving the esophagus. Dig Dis Sci 2001; 46:2292–2297.

      110 110 Collazzo LA, Levine MS, Rubesin SE, et al. Acute radiation esophagitis: radiographic findings. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1997; 169:1067–1070.

      111 111 Lepke RA, Libshitz HI. Radiation‐induced injury of the esophagus. Radiology 1983; 148:375–378.

      112 112 Levine MS. Other esophagitides. In: Gore RM, Levine MS, eds. Textbook of gastrointestinal radiology, 2nd ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 2000, p. 364–386.

      113 113 Appleqvist P, Salmo M. Lye corrosion carcinoma of the esophagus: a review of 63 cases. Cancer 1980; 45:2655–2658.

      114 114 Levine MS, Fisher AR, Rubesin SE, et al. Complications after total gastrectomy and esophagojejunostomy: radiologic evaluation. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1991; 157:1189–1194.

      115 115 Montesi A, Alessandro P, Graziani L, et al. Small benign tumors of the esophagus: radiological diagnosis with double‐contrast examination. Gastrointest Radiol 1983; 8:207–212.

      116 116 Levine MS. Benign tumors of the esophagus. In: Gore RM, Levine MS, eds. Textbook of gastrointestinal radiology, 2nd ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 2000, p. 387–402.

      117 117 Rose D, Furth EE, Rubesin SE. Glycogenic acanthosis. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1995; 164:96.

      118 118 Glick SN, Teplick SK, Goldstein J, et al. Glycogenic acanthosis of the esophagus. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1982; 139:683–688.

      119 119 Avezzano EA, Fleischer DE, Merida MA, et al. Giant fibrovascular polyps of the esophagus. Ann Thorac Surg 1990; 85:299–302.

      120 120 Cochet B, Hohl P, Sans M, et al. Asphyxia caused by laryngeal impaction of an esophageal polyp. Arch Otolaryngol 1980; 106:176–178.

      121 121 Levine MS, Buck JL, Pantongrag‐Brown L, et al. Fibrovascular polyps of the esophagus: clinical, radiographic, and pathologic findings in 16 patients. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1996; 166:781–787.

      122 122 Rafal RB, Markisz JA. Magnetic resonance imaging of an esophageal duplication cyst. Am J Gastroenterol 1991; 86:1809–1811.

      123 123 Levine MS, Halvorsen RA. Carcinoma of the esophagus. In: Gore RM, Levine MS, eds. Textbook of gastrointestinal radiology, 2nd ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 2000, p. 403–433.

      124 124 Cameron AJ, Ott BJ, Payne WS. The incidence of adenocarcinoma in the columnar‐lined (Barrett’s) esophagus. N Engl J Med 1985; 313:857–859.

      125 125 Levine MS, Chu P, Furth EE, et al. Carcinoma of the esophagus and esophagogastric junction: sensitivity of radiographic diagnosis. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1997; 168:1423–1426.

      126 126 Levine MS, Dillon EC, Saul SH, et al. Early esophageal cancer. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1986; 146:507–512.

      127 127 Gloyna RE, Zornoza J, Goldstein HM. Primary ulcerative carcinoma of the esophagus. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1977; 129:599–600.

      128 128 Yates CW, LeVine MA, Jensen KM. Varicoid carcinoma of the esophagus. Radiology 1977; 122:605–608.

      129 129 Levine MS, Caroline D, Thompson JJ, et al. Adenocarcinoma of the esophagus: relationship to Barrett mucosa. Radiology 1984; 150:305–309.

      130 130 Keen SJ, Dodd GD, Smith JL. Adenocarcinoma arising in Barrett’s esophagus: pathologic and radiologic features. Mt Sinai J Med 1984; 51:442–450.

      131 131 Glick SN, Teplick SK, Levine MS, et al. Gastric cardia metastasis in esophageal carcinoma. Radiology 1986; 160:627–630.

      132 132 Levine MS. Other malignant tumors of the esophagus. In: Gore RM, Levine MS, eds. Textbook of gastrointestinal radiology, 2nd ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 2000, p. 435–451.

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