ratio in amniotic fluid. Obstet Gynecol 1976; 47:599.
261 261. Papp Z, Ember I, Juhasz E, et al. Acid‐soluble glycoproteins in amniotic fluid and cystic fibrosis of the foetus. Clin Genet 1977; 11:431.
262 262. Hakala‐Ala‐Pietila TH, Koistinen RA, Salonen RK, et al. Elevated second‐trimester amniotic fluid concentration of insulin‐like growth factor binding protein‐1 in fetal growth retardation. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1993; 169:35.
263 263. Appelbaum PC, Shulman G, Chambers NL, et al. Studies on the growth‐inhibiting property of amniotic fluids from two United States population groups. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1980; 137:579.
264 264. Jean‐Pierre C, Perni SC, Bongiovanni AM, et al. Extracellular 70‐kd heat shock protein in mid‐trimester amniotic fluid and its effect on cytokine production by ex vivo‐cultured amniotic fluid cells. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2006; 194:694.
265 265. Gelber SE, Bongiovanni AM, Jean‐Pierre C, et al. Witkin SS. Antibodies to the 70 kDa heat shock protein in midtrimester amniotic fluid and intraamniotic immunity. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2007; 197:278 e1.
266 266. Gitlin D, Biasucci A. Development of gamma G, gamma A, gamma M, beta IC‐beta IA, C 1 esterase inhibitor, ceruloplasmin, transferrin, hemopexin, haptoglobin, fibrinogen, plasminogen, alpha 1‐antitrypsin, orosomucoid, beta‐lipoprotein, alpha 2‐macroglobulin, and prealbumin in the human conceptus. J Clin Invest 1969; 48:1433.
267 267. Rebmann V, LeMaoult J, Rouas‐Freiss N, et al. Quantification and identification of soluble HLA‐G isoforms. Tissue Antigens 2007; 69 Suppl 1:143.
268 268. Emmer PM, Steegers EA, van Lierop MJ, et al. Amniotic fluid soluble human leukocyte antigen G is markedly decreased in offspring with neural tube defects. Early Hum Dev 2002; 66:101.
269 269. Deh ME, Klouda PT, Levine M, et al. Detection, isolation and characterization of cell free HLA A and B antigens from human amniotic fluid. Tissue Antigens 1982; 20:260.
270 270. Nicholls T, Hahnel R, Wilkinson S, et al. Identification of 2‐hydroxybutyric acid in human amniotic fluid. Clin Chim Acta 1976; 69:127.
271 271. Emery AE, Brock DJ, Burt D, et al. Amniotic fluid composition in malformations of the fetal central nervous system. J Obstet Gynaecol Br Commonw 1974; 81:512.
272 272. GadowEC, Floriani FA, Florin A. IgG levels in amniotic fluid. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1974; 119:849.
273 273. Wilfert CM, Gradoville ML. In vitro viral studies of cells grown from human amniotic fluid samples. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1974; 118:1073.
274 274. Thirunavukarasu PP, Lambert‐Messerlian G, Robertson DM, et al. Molecular weight forms of inhibin A, inhibin B and pro‐alpha C in maternal serum, amniotic fluid and placental extracts of normal and Down syndrome pregnancies. Prenat Diagn 2002; 22:1086.
275 275. Verhaeghe J, Coopmans W, van Herck E, et al. IGF‐I, IGF‐II, IGF binding protein 1, and C‐peptide in second trimester amniotic fluid are dependent on gestational age but do not predict weight at birth. Pediatr Res 1999; 46:101.
276 276. Weiss PA, Purstner P, Winter R, et al. Insulin levels in amniotic fluid of normal and abnormal pregnancies. Obstet Gynecol 1984; 63:371.
277 277. Baviera G, D'Anna R, Corrado F, et al. ICAM‐1 in maternal serum and amniotic fluid as an early marker of preeclampsia and IUGR. J Reprod Med 2002; 47:191.
278 278. Malamitsi‐Puchner A, Vrachnis N, Samoli E, et al. Elevated second trimester amniotic fluid interferon gamma‐inducible T‐cell alpha chemoattractant concentrations as a possible predictor of preterm birth. J Soc Gynecol Investig 2006; 13:25.
279 279. Menon R, Camargo MC, Thorsen P, et al. Amniotic fluid interleukin‐6 increase is an indicator of spontaneous preterm birth in white but not black Americans. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2008; 198:77 e1.
280 280. Rayburn WF, Robinson A, Braverman LE, et al. Iodide concentrations in matched maternal serum, cord serum, and amniotic fluid from preterm and term human pregnancies. Reprod Toxicol 2008; 25:129.
281 281. Garcia‐Fuentes E, Gallo M, Garcia L, et al. Amniotic fluid iodine concentrations do not vary in pregnant women with varying iodine intake. Br J Nutr 2008; 99:1178.
282 282. Maymon R, Jauniaux E, Rodeck C, et al. Comparison of placental isoferritin levels in maternal serum and coelomic and amniotic fluids during first trimester human gestation. Hum Reprod 1998; 13:1044.
283 283. Wolf RO, Taussig LM. Human amniotic fluid isoamylases. Functional development of fetal pancreas and salivary glands. Obstet Gynecol 1973; 41:337.
284 284. Perrone S, Longini M, Bellieni CV, et al. Early oxidative stress in amniotic fluid of pregnancies with Down syndrome. Clin Biochem 2007; 40:177.
285 285. Shaw JL, Diamandis EP. Distribution of 15 human kallikreins in tissues and biological fluids. Clin Chem 2007; 53:1423.
286 286. Kidokoro K, Furuhashi M, Kuno N, et al. Amniotic fluid neutrophil elastase and lactate dehydrogenase: association with histologic chorioamnionitis. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2006; 85:669.
287 287. Otsuki K, Yoda A, Saito H, et al. Amniotic fluid lactoferrin in intrauterine infection. Placenta 1999; 20:175.
288 288. Stoll C, Dott B, Maier EA, et al. Oligo‐éléments du liquide amniotique des foetus normaux, hypotrophes et trisomiques 21 [Oligo‐elements of the amniotic fluid from normal, hypotrophic and trisomy 21 fetuses]. Rev Fr Gynecol Obstet 1990; 85:45.
289 289. Larsen B, Galask RP, Snyder IS. Muramidase and peroxidase activity of human amniotic fluid. Obstet Gynecol 1974; 44:219.
290 290. Hayashi M, Zhu K, Sagesaka T, et al. Elevation of amniotic fluid macrophage colony‐stimulating factor in normotensive pregnancies that delivered small‐for‐gestational‐age infants. Am J Reprod Immunol 2007; 57:488.
291 291. Fujikura T, Klionsky B. The significance of meconium staining. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1975; 121:45.
292 292. Kim KW, Romero R, Park HS, et al. A rapid matrix metalloproteinase‐8 bedside test for the detection of intraamniotic inflammation in women with preterm premature rupture of membranes. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2007; 197:292 e1.
293 293. Fasching G, Haeusler M, Mayr J, et al. Can levels of interleukins and matrix metalloproteinases in the amniotic fluid predict postnatal bowel function in fetuses with gastroschisis? J Pediatr Surg 2005; 40: 1887.
294 294. Nishijima K, Shukunami K, Tsukahara H, et al. Micelles of pulmonary surfactant in human amniotic fluid at term. Pediatr Res 2006; 60:196.
295 295. Cassell GH, Davis RO, Waites KB, et al. Isolation of Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum from amniotic fluid at 16–20 weeks of gestation: potential effect on outcome of pregnancy. Sex Transm Dis 1983; 10:294.
296 296. Kastner B, Schenk H, Weise W, et al. Der Neuraminsaure/Protein‐Quotient im Fruchtwasser: Indikator fur die fetale Reife [The neuraminic acid/protein quotient in amniotic fluid: indicator for fetal maturity]. Z Med Lab Diagn 1990; 31:77.
297 297. Marx CE, Vance BJ, Jarskog LF, et al. Nerve growth factor, brain‐derived neurotrophic factor, and neurotrophin‐3 levels in human amniotic fluid. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1999; 181:1225.
298 298. Elimian A, Figueroa R, Patel K, et al. Reference values of amniotic fluid neuron‐specific enolase. J Matern Fetal Med 2001; 10:155.
299 299. Daoud GA, Suzuki Y,Yamamoto T, et al. Reduced nitric oxide in amniotic fluid of patients with chorioamnionitis. Fetal Diagn Ther 2006; 21:77.
300 300. Tranquilli AL, Bezzeccheri V, Scagnoli C, et al. Amniotic levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and nitric oxide at the second trimester in Down's syndrome. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2003; 13:28.
301 301. Dawson EB, Harris WA, Evans DR, et al. Amniotic fluid amino and nucleic acid in normal and neural tube defect pregnancies. A comparison. J Reprod Med 1999; 44:28.
302 302. Lu LC, Hsu CD. Elevated amniotic fluid nucleosome levels in women with intra‐amniotic infection. Obstet Gynecol 1999; 94:7.
303 303. Ruhle W, Graf von Ballestrem