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Bovine Reproduction


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       Gretchen Grissett

       Department of Pathobiology and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, USA

      Historically, a key to a successful artificial insemination (AI) program has been accurate detection of estrus. Even with utilization of currently available estrus synchronization programs and timed AI, estrus detection is important as a tool to evaluate the efficacy of the protocol, troubleshoot problems in real time, and identify outliers that can be bred outside the prescribed “AI window.”

      Several estrus detection methods exist, including tailhead paint, mount detectors, self‐adhesive heat