in his own likeness, after his image” (Genesis 1:27; Genesis 5:3).
And this Adam fella, well, he is the first “son of God”
in the biblical narrative, and he’s the initial character in
the story that gives meaning to the Sonship identity that is woven throughout the rest of the Bible. When we skip forward in the narrative to the New Testament, the deliberate intent of the “son” theme becomes evident. In Luke’s genealogy of Jesus, each person in the lineage is called the “son” of some human father, until we get all the way back to Adam, the first man, who is distinguished from all the others like this:
. . . Adam, the son of God. Luke 3:38
Do you see what just happened? The New Testament deliberately loops all the way back to the opening of the biblical story in order to tell us who Jesus is, and it does so by telling us who Adam was. There’s Adam, and there’s Jesus. And these two figures constitute the premise of the entire biblical story, as we will see with greater and greater clarity as we proceed.
From the outset of the story, God has a “son,” and his name is Adam. God has a daughter, too, and she forms a vital thread of the story, as well, which will soon become evident. For now, we are interested in tracing the biblical thread of “son” in order to comprehend the Sonship of Jesus.
According to Luke, Adam is the “the son of God” in a more foundational sense than any of the human beings that follow him.
Why?
Well, quite simply because he is the first of his kind, the first human, from whom all others will emerge and receive their identity.
Adam and Eve were created.
Everyone else was procreated.
That’s how the biblical story begins.
Adam was the head of the human race, from whom all of humanity would receive their “likeness.” Beginning with him, the “image” of God was to be passed on from generation to generation, creating an ever-widening circle of human beings with the capacity to love like God loves, living in God’s “image” or “likeness.” That was the divine plan in humanity’s creation. There was to be a succession of sons and daughters who would pass on God’s image. Again, for clarity:
God created Adam and Eve in God’s “own image” (Genesis 1:27).
Then Adam “begot a son in his own likeness, after his image” (Genesis 5:3).
What a wonderful plan!
But right here the story makes a tragic shift. An interruption was imposed upon the plan:
an interruption we call the Fall of humanity
an interruption in which the fallen angel, Lucifer, deceived humanity into believing God is arbitrary, restrictive, untrustworthy, and self-serving (Genesis 3:1-5)
an interruption that nearly effaced the “image” of God from “the son of God,” thus disrupting the capacity of God’s son to transmit God’s image from generation to generation
And because there was an interruption, an intervention was needed:
an intervention that would have to happen from the inside of the human situation
an intervention that would offer a new way forward with a new starting point
an intervention that would come in the form of a new “Son of God” to replace Adam, a new head of the human race who would reestablish God’s “image” in humanity
Directly after the Fall, the Creator issued a prophecy in the form of a threat to Satan and a promise to humanity:
I will put enmity between you (Satan) and the woman (Eve and her progeny), and between your offspring and hers; He (the coming offspring) will crush your head, and you will strike His heel. Genesis 3:15, NIV
Don’t miss the point.
The promise of deliverance is set forth in the language of progeny or offspring. Two groups of people will be at odds down through history. A spiritual lineage will issue forth from Satan, waging war against God and His people, while a spiritual lineage will issue forth from the woman, through which a special “offspring” will one day be born to conquer Satan and reverse the effects of the Fall. Adam, “the son of God,” failed in the face of temptation, in his encounter with Satan. But a new Son will be born to the fallen race, and He will crush the serpent rather than yield to him. A second “Adam,” a new “Son of God,” will take the stage of human history and succeed where the first Adam failed.
We see, then, that from the outset of the story God is addressing the sin problem in terms of family succession, promising the eventual birth of a child. The God who made humanity intends to save humanity from the inside, from within our very own genetic realm, from the strategic position of a “Son of God” who will be born within Adam’s lineage in order to redeem Adam’s fall.
Once we have this initial piece of the biblical storyline clearly established in our minds, everything else along the way begins to make sense with profound clarity.
This is about to get really good. I’ll be waiting for you in the next chapter.
“When we read the Bible as an unfolding narrative—as the big story it actually is—with key characters played out in an overarching, intentional plot line, the meaning of the Sonship of Christ becomes unmistakably evident.”
Chapter Four
ISRAEL, MY SON
Already, the story has a distinct shape and we are beginning to see where it’s going. With the first prophetic promise of Genesis 3:15 before us, the stage is set for the grand narrative arc of Scripture to unfold. What God does next is not surprising at all, given the key features of the story’s first episode. He proceeds, of course, to take the steps necessary for the fulfillment of the promise.
And how does He do this?
Well, exactly as we would expect now that we are tuned into the story: by establishing a genealogical line through which the promised child, the new Son of God, may be born to the world.
So God calls Abraham and his wife Sarah out of Ur, their Babylonian homeland, and promises to establish a great nation within their genetic line, through which all the nations of the earth will be blessed (Genesis 12). God calls the promise His “covenant” (Genesis 15), and it is clearly an expanded version of the promise given in Genesis 3. Covenant emerges to view as the defining characteristic of the divine operation as the progeny plan moves forward, just as God vowed it would. So we are not at all surprised when Abraham and Sarah eventually give birth to Isaac and he is identified in Scripture as the “son” of “promise” (Genesis 21:1-7; Galatians 4:23).
It is crucial to notice that the story now begins to center on a succession of sons. At this point, the concept of primogeniture emerges in the narrative—the birthright of the “firstborn” son (Genesis 27:19, 32; 43:33; 48:14-18). The firstborn son is the channel through which the covenant promise is to be passed on from generation to generation. But—and this is hugely significant—in a narrative twist that emphasizes the spiritual nature of the plan, we soon see
that the genetic firstborn isn’t always the covenant firstborn.
Isaac is the second born son of Abraham, after Ishmael, but Isaac is the firstborn son of promise.
Isaac then marries Rebekah and the promise passes to their son, Jacob, who is the second born son, after Esau, and yet he occupies the covenant position of the firstborn son.
The underlying goal God is pursuing is the transmission of the covenant promise. God is not fixated on exact birth order, but rather on moving the covenant promise forward. What matters is that a line is established through which the new “Son of God” may enter the human situation and conquer the serpent from the inside, from the strategic position of human nature, thus reversing