United States. Central Intelligence Agency

The 1992 CIA World Factbook


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ICAO, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, ITU,

       LORCS, NAM, OAU, OIC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WADB, WCL, WHO, WIPO,

       WMO, WTO

       Diplomatic representation:

       Ambassador Candide AHOUANSOU; Chancery at 2737 Cathedral Avenue NW,

       Washington, DC 20008; telephone (202) 232-6656

       US:

       Ambassador Harriet W. ISOM; Embassy at Rue Caporal Anani Bernard, Cotonou

       (mailing address is B. P. 2012, Cotonou); telephone [229] 30-06-50,

       30-05-13, 30-17-92; FAX [229] 30-14-39 and 30-19-74

       Flag:

       two equal horizontal bands of yellow (top) and red with a vertical green

       band on the hoist side

      :Benin Economy

      Overview:

       Benin is one of the least developed countries in the world because of

       limited natural resources and a poorly developed infrastructure. Agriculture

       accounts for about 35% of GDP, employs about 60% of the labor force, and

       generates a major share of foreign exchange earnings. The industrial sector

       contributes only about 15% to GDP and employs 2% of the work force. Low

       prices in recent years have kept down hard currency earnings from Benin's

       major exports of agricultural products and crude oil.

       GDP:

       exchange rate conversion - $2.0 billion, per capita $410; real growth rate

       3% (1991)

       Inflation rate (consumer prices):

       3.0% (1990)

       Unemployment rate:

       NA%

       Budget:

       revenues $194 million; expenditures $390 million, including capital

       expenditures of $104 million (1990 est.)

       Exports:

       $263.3 million (f.o.b., 1990 est.)

       commodities:

       crude oil, cotton, palm products, cocoa

       partners:

       FRG 36%, France 16%, Spain 14%, Italy 8%, UK 4%

       Imports:

       $428 million (f.o.b., 1990 est.)

       commodities:

       foodstuffs, beverages, tobacco, petroleum products, intermediate goods,

       capital goods, light consumer goods

       partners:

       France 34%, Netherlands 10%, Japan 7%, Italy 6%, US 4%

       External debt:

       $1.0 billion (December 1990 est.)

       Industrial production:

       growth rate —0.7% (1988); accounts for 15% of GDP

       Electricity:

       30,000 kW capacity; 25 million kWh produced, 5 kWh per capita (1991)

       Industries:

       textiles, cigarettes, construction materials, beverages, food production,

       petroleum

       Agriculture:

       small farms produce 90% of agricultural output; production is dominated by

       food crops - corn, sorghum, cassava, beans, and rice; cash crops include

       cotton, palm oil, and peanuts; poultry and livestock output has not kept up

       with consumption

       Economic aid:

       US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $46 million; Western (non-US)

       countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $1,300 million; OPEC

       bilateral aid (1979-89), $19 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $101

       million

       Currency:

       Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (plural - francs); 1 CFA franc (CFAF)

       = 100 centimes

       Exchange rates:

       Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (CFAF) per US$1 - 269.01 (January

       1992), 282.11 (1991), 272.26 (1990), 319.01 (1989), 297.85 (1988), 300.54

       (1987)

       Fiscal year:

       calendar year

      :Benin Communications

      Railroads:

       578 km, all 1.000-meter gauge, single track

       Highways:

       5,050 km total; 920 km paved, 2,600 laterite, 1,530 km improved earth

       Inland waterways:

       navigable along small sections, important only locally

       Ports:

       Cotonou

       Civil air:

       no major transport aircraft

       Airports:

       6 total, 5 usable; 1 with permanent-surface runways; none with runways over

       2,439 m; 4 with runways 1,220-2,439 m

       Telecommunications:

       fair system of open wire, submarine cable, and radio relay; broadcast

       stations - 2 AM, 2 FM, 2 TV; 1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT earth station

      :Benin Defense Forces

      Branches:

       Armed Forces (including Army, Navy, Air Force), National Gendarmerie

       Manpower availability:

       eligible 15-49, 2,165,515; of the 1,031,738 males 15-49, 528,366 are fit for

       military service; of the 1,133,777 females 15-49, 572,603 are fit for

       military service; about 55,697 males and 53,786 females reach military age

       (18) annually; both sexes are liable for military service

       Defense expenditures:

       exchange rate conversion - $29 million, 1.7% of GDP (1988 est.)

      :Bermuda Geography

      Total area:

       50 km2

       Land area:

       50 km2

       Comparative area:

       about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC

       Land boundaries:

       none

       Coastline:

       103 km

       Maritime claims:

       Exclusive fishing zone:

       200 nm

       Territorial sea:

       12 nm

       Climate:

       subtropical; mild, humid; gales, strong winds common in winter

       Terrain:

       low hills separated by fertile depressions

       Natural resources:

       limestone, pleasant climate fostering tourism

       Land use:

       arable land 0%; permanent crops 0%; meadows and pastures 0%; forest and

       woodland 20%; other 80%

       Environment:

       ample rainfall, but no rivers or freshwater lakes; consists of about