United States. Central Intelligence Agency

The 1992 CIA World Factbook


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Europe; over 60% of arable land now

       in private hands; one-half of work force engaged in farming; wide range of

       temperate-zone crops and livestock; severe dislocations suffered in 1991

       Economic aid:

       $190 million humanitarian aid, $94 million in loans/guarantees/credits

       Currency:

       lek (plural - leke); 1 lek (L) = 100 qintars

       Exchange rates:

       leke (L) per US$1 - 50 (January 1992), 25 (September 1991)

       Fiscal year:

       calendar year

      :Albania Communications

      Railroads:

       543 km total; 509 1.435-meter standard gauge, single track and 34 km narrow

       gauge, single track (1990); line connecting Titograd (Serbia and Montenegro)

       and Shkoder (Albania) completed August 1986

       Highways:

       16,700 km total; 6,700 km highways, 10,000 km forest and agricultural cart

       roads (1990)

       Inland waterways:

       43 km plus Albanian sections of Lake Scutari, Lake Ohrid, and Lake Prespa

       (1990)

       Pipelines:

       crude oil 145 km; petroleum products 55 km; natural gas 64 km (1988)

       Ports:

       Durres, Sarande, Vlore

       Merchant marine:

       11 cargo ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 52,886 GRT/76,449 DWT

       Airports:

       12 total, 10 usable; more than 5 with permanent-surface runways; more than 5

       with runways 2,440-3,659 m; 5 with runways 1,220-2,439 m

       Telecommunications:

       inadequate service; 15,000 telephones; broadcast stations - 13 AM, 1 TV;

       514,000 radios, 255,000 TVs (1987 est.)

      :Albania Defense Forces

      Branches:

       Army, Coastal Defense Command, Air and Air Defense Forces, Interior Ministry

       Troops, Border Troops

       Manpower availability:

       males 15-49, 886,032; 731,072 fit for military service; 33,028 reach

       military age (19) annually

       Defense expenditures:

       exchange rate conversion - 1.0 billion leks, NA% of GNP (FY90); note -

       conversion of defense expenditures into US dollars using the current

       exchange rate could produce misleading results

      :Algeria Geography

      Total area:

       2,381,740 km2

       Land area:

       2,381,740 km2

       Comparative area:

       slightly less than 3.5 times the size of Texas

       Land boundaries:

       6,343 km total; Libya 982 km, Mali 1,376 km, Mauritania 463 km, Morocco

       1,559 km, Niger 956 km, Tunisia 965 km, Western Sahara 42 km

       Coastline:

       998 km

       Maritime claims:

       Territorial sea:

       12 nm

       Disputes:

       Libya claims about 19,400 km2 in southeastern Algeria; land boundary

       disputes with Tunisia under discussion

       Climate:

       arid to semiarid; mild, wet winters with hot, dry summers along coast; drier

       with cold winters and hot summers on high plateau; sirocco is a hot,

       dust/sand-laden wind especially common in summer

       Terrain:

       mostly high plateau and desert; some mountains; narrow, discontinuous

       coastal plain

       Natural resources:

       crude oil, natural gas, iron ore, phosphates, uranium, lead, zinc

       Land use:

       arable land 3%; permanent crops NEGL%; meadows and pastures 13%; forest and

       woodland 2%; other 82%; includes irrigated NEGL%

       Environment:

       mountainous areas subject to severe earthquakes; desertification

       Note:

       second-largest country in Africa (after Sudan)

      :Algeria People

      Population:

       26,666,921 (July 1992), growth rate 2.5% (1992)

       Birth rate:

       31 births/1,000 population (1992)

       Death rate:

       7 deaths/1,000 population (1992)

       Net migration rate:

       0 migrants/1,000 population (1992)

       Infant mortality rate:

       56 deaths/1,000 live births (1992)

       Life expectancy at birth:

       66 years male, 68 years female (1992)

       Total fertility rate:

       4.1 children born/woman (1992)

       Nationality:

       noun - Algerian(s); adjective - Algerian

       Ethnic divisions:

       Arab-Berber 99%, European less than 1%

       Religions:

       Sunni Muslim (state religion) 99%, Christian and Jewish 1%

       Languages:

       Arabic (official), French, Berber dialects

       Literacy:

       50% (male 63%, female 36%) age 15 and over can read and write (1987)

       Labor force:

       3,700,000; industry and commerce 40%, agriculture 24%, government 17%,

       services 10% (1984)

       Organized labor:

       16-19% of labor force claimed; General Union of Algerian Workers (UGTA) is

       the only labor organization and is subordinate to the National Liberation

       Front

      :Algeria Government

      Long-form name:

       Democratic and Popular Republic of Algeria

       Type:

       republic

       Capital:

       Algiers

       Administrative divisions:

       48 provinces (wilayast, singular - wilaya); Adrar, Ain Defla, Ain

       Temouchent, Alger, Annaba, Batna, Bechar, Bejaia, Biskra, Blida, Bordj Bou

       Arreridj, Bouira, Boumerdes, Chlef, Constantine, Djelfa, El Bayadh, El Oued,

       El Tarf, Ghardaia, Guelma, Illizi, Jijel, Khenchela, Laghouat, Mascara,

       Medea, Mila, Mostaganem, M'Sila, Naama, Oran, Ouargla, Oum el Bouaghi,

       Relizane, Saida, Setif, Sidi Bel Abbes, Skikda, Souk Ahras, Tamanghasset,

       Tebessa, Tiaret, Tindouf, Tipaza, Tissemsilt, Tizi Ouzou, Tlemcen