J. and Dvorak, J. (2007). Genome plasticity a key factor in the success of polyploidy wheat under domestication. Science 316: 1862–1866. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1143986.
32 Dvořák, J., Luo, M.C., Yang, Z.L. et al. (1998). The structure of the Aegilops tauschii genepool and the evolution of hexaploid wheat. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 97 (4): 657–670. https://doi.org/10.1007/s001220050942.
33 Dvořák, J., Akhunov, E.D., Akhunov, A.R. et al. (2006). Molecular characterization of a diagnostic DNA marker for domesticated tetraploid wheat provides evidence for gene flow from wild tetraploid wheat to hexaploid wheat. Molecular Biology and Evolution 23 (7): 1386–1396. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msl004.
34 Erenstein, O. and Laxmi, V. (2008). Zero tillage impacts in India's rice–wheat systems: a review. Soil and Tillage Research 100 (1–2): 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2008.05.001.
35 EU (2006). Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 2006 on Nutrition and Health Claims made on Foods. Official Journal of the European Union L404/9 https://eur‐lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2006/1924/oj.
36 EU (2012). Commission Regulation (EU) No 1047/2012 of 8 November 2012 amending Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006 with regard to the list of nutrition claims. Official Journal of the European Union L310/36 http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2012/1047/oj.
37 Evans, L.T. (1993). Crop Evolution, Adaptation and Yield. Cambridge University Press.
38 Evers, A.D., Cox, R.I., Shaheedullah, M.Z. et al. (1990). Predicting milling extraction rate by image analysis of wheat grains. In: Aspects of Applied Biology, 25, Cereal Quality II (eds. G.F.J. Milford, P.S. Kettlewell, J.H. Orson, et al.), 417–426. Association of Applied Biologists.
39 Evers, A., Nesbitt, M., and Gooding, M.J. (2006). Wheat. In: The Encyclopedia of Seeds: Science, Technology and Uses (eds. J.D. Bewley, M. Black and P. Halmer), 752–755. CAB International.
40 FAO (2021). FAOSTAT Food and Agriculture Data. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#home.
41 Faridi, H. (1988). Flat breads. In: Wheat: Chemistry and Technology Volume II, 3e (ed. Y. Pomeranz), 457–505. American Association of Cereal Chemists.
42 Feekes, W. (1941). De Tarwe en haar milieu. In: Verslag XVII. Technkche, 560–561. Tarwe Commission.
43 Feldman, M. (2001). Origin of cultivated wheat. In: The World Wheat Book: A History of Wheat Breeding (eds. A.P. Bonjean and W.J. Angus), 3–56. Lavoisier Publishing.
44 Feldman, M. and Levy, A.A. (2005). Allopolyploidy – a shaping force in the evolution of wheat genomes. Cytogenetic and Genome Research 109 (1–3): 250–258. https://doi.org/10.1159/000082407.
45 Flintham, J.E. (2000). Different genetic components control coat‐imposed and embryo‐imposed dormancy in wheat. Seed Science Research 10: 43–50. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0960258500000052.
46 Ford, M. (1987). Quality requirements for milling and baking. In: Aspects of Applied Biology 15, Cereal Quality, 10–17. Association of Applied Biologists.
47 Fu, Y.‐B., Peterson, G.W., Horbach, C. et al. (2019). Elevated mutation and selection in wild emmer wheat in response to 28 years of global warming. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116 (40): 20002–20008. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1909564116.
48 Fuller, D.Q., Willcox, G., and Allaby, R.G. (2012). Early agricultural pathways: moving outside the ‘core area’ hypothesis in Southwest Asia. Journal of Experimental Botany 63 (2): 617–633. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/err307.
49 Fullington, J.G., Miskelly, D.M., Wrigley, C.W. et al. (1987). Quality related endosperm proteins in sulfur‐deficient and normal wheat grain. Journal of Cereal Science 5: 233–246. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0733‐5210(87)80025‐5.
50 Garnett, T. (1883). The cultivation of wheat. In: Essays in Natural History and Agriculture. Chiswick Press.
51 Gbegbelegbe, S., Cammarano, D., Asseng, S. et al. (2017). Baseline simulation for global wheat production with CIMMYT mega‐environment specific cultivars. Field Crops Research 202: 122–135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2016.06.010.
52 Gegas, V.C., Nazari, A., Griffiths, S. et al. (2010). A genetic framework for grain size and shape variation in wheat. The Plant Cell 22: 1046–1056. https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.110.074153.
53 Gill, B.S., Appels, R., Botha‐Oberholster, A.M. et al. (2004). A workshop report on wheat genome sequencing: International Genome Research on Wheat Consortium. Genetics 168 (2): 1087–1096. https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.104.034769.
54 Glover, N.M., Redestig, H., and Dessimz, C. (2016). Homoeologs: what are they and how do we infer them? Trends in Plant Science 21: 609–621. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2016.02.005.
55 Gonzalez‐Thuillier, I., Salt, L., Chope, C. et al. (2015). Distribution of lipids in the grain of wheat (cv. Hereward) determined by lipidomic analysis of milling and pearling fractions. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 63: 10705–10716. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5b05289.
56 Gooding, M.J. (2009). The wheat crop. In: Wheat: Chemistry and Technology, 4e (eds. K. Khan and P.R. Shewry), 35–70. AACC International.
57 Gooding, M.J. (2017). The effects of growth environment and agronomy on grain quality. In: Cereal Grains, 2e (eds. C. Wrigley, I. Batey and D. Miskelly), 493–512. Woodhead Publishing https://doi.org/10.1016/B978‐0‐08‐100719‐8.00018‐8.
58 Gooding, M.J., Cosser, N.D., Thompson, A.J. et al. (1998). Sheep grazing and defoliation of contrasting varieties of organically grown winter wheat with and without undersowing. Grass and Forage Science 53 (1): 76–87. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365‐2494.1998.00106.x.
59 Guzman, C., Peña, R.J., Singh, R. et al. (2016). Wheat quality improvement at CIMMYT and the use of genomic selection on it. Applied & Translational Genomics 11: 3–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atg.2016.10.004.
60 Harrell, D.M., Wilhelm, W.W., and McMaster, G.S. (1993). Scales – a computer‐program to convert among 3 developmental stage scales for wheat. Agronomy Journal 85: 758–763. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1993.00021962008500030043x.
61 Harrell, D.M., Wilhelm, W.W., and McMaster, G.S. (1998). Scales 2: computer program to convert among developmental stage scales for corn and small grains. Agronomy Journal 90: 235–238. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1998.00021962009000020021x.
62 Hatcher, D.W., Lukow, O.M., and Dexter,