Теодор Шанин

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же верили в важность изучения и обсуждения иудейских священных писаний, тем самым отдавая предпочтение гораздо более интеллектуальному подходу к религии. – Примеч. М. Пральниковой.

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      Идиш – немецко-еврейский диалект, на котором говорили восточноевропейские евреи в период перед Второй мировой войной. Его письменный алфавит состоит из букв ивритского алфавита. Литература и газеты на идиш процветали до Второй мировой войны. После от него мало что осталось. – Примеч. М. Пральниковой.

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      Гений Вильнюса – Элияху бен Шломо Залман – родился в 1720 году и был признан «гением» евреями Вильнюса и всей Восточной Европы. См.: Stern E. The Genius: Eliyah of Vilna and the Making of Modern Jewry. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2013.

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      См.: Davies N. God’s Playground A History of Poland in Two Volumes. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1981.

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